Predictors of poor sleep quality among hospital healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2025.92135Palabras clave:
COVID-19, Personal da Salud, Enfermería, Sueño, Calidad del SueñoResumen
Objetivo: analizar los predictores de la mala calidad del sueño en profesionales sanitarios hospitalarios durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Método: estudio transversal con 244 profesionales de la salud de unidades de hospitalización y cuidados intensivos que prestaban servicios en la primera línea de la Covid-19 en Teresina, Piauí. La recolección de datos se realizó entre septiembre de 2022 y mayo de 2023, mediante un cuestionario autoadministrado con datos sociodemográficos y el Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y regresión logística binaria para identificar predictores de la mala calidad del sueño. Se respetaron las consideraciones éticas. Resultados: los predictores de la mala calidad del sueño fueron ansiedad, dificultad para dormir, tristeza, agotamiento mental y físico, estrés, angustia, frustración, alteraciones en el patrón de sueño y somnolencia diurna. Conclusión: la mala calidad del sueño se asoció con problemas de salud mental, agotamiento físico y alteraciones en el patrón del sueño.
Citas
1. Jahrami HA, Alhaj OA, Humood AM, Alenezi AF, Fekih-Romdhane F, AlRasheed MM, et al. Sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Sleep Med Rev. 2022 [cited 2022 Nov 03]; 62:101591. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101591.
2. Zhang C, Yang L, Liu S, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, et al. Survey of insomnia and related social psychological factors among medical staff involved in the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak. Front. Psychiatry. 2020 [cited 2025 May 03]; 11:306. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00306.
3. Andrechuk CRS, Caliari JS, Santos MA, Pereira FH, Oliveira HC, Ceolim MF. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep disorders among Nursing professionals. Rev Latino-Am Enfermagem. 2023 [cited 2025 May 03]; 31:e3795. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.6043.3795.
4. Dragioti E, Tsartsalis D, Mentis M, Mantzoukas S, Gouva M. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of hospital staff: an umbrella review of 44 meta-analyses. Int J Nurs Stud. 2022 [cited 2022 Nov 05]; 131:104272. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104272.
5. Saragih ID, Tonapa SI, Saragih IS, Advani S, Batubara SO, Suarilah I, Lin CJ. Global prevalence of mental health problems among healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud. 2021 [cited 2021 Nov 09]; 121:104002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104002.
6. Sahebi A, Abdi K, Moayedi S, Torres M, Golitaleb M. The prevalence of insomnia among health care workers amid the COVID-19 pandemic: an umbrella review of meta-analyses. J Psychosom Res. 2021 [cited 2021 Nov 09]; 149:110597. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110597.
7. Sejbuk M, Mirończuk-Chodakowska I, Witkowska AM. Sleep quality: a narrative review on nutrition, stimulants, and physical activity as important factors. Nutrients. 2022 [cited 2022 Nov 03]; 14(9):1912. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091912.
8. Leonel F. Fundação Osvaldo Cruz. Fiocruz. Comunicação e informação. Notícias. Pesquisa analisa o impacto da pandemia entre profissionais de saúde [Site Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Jan 12]. Available from: https://portal.fiocruz.br/noticia/pesquisa-analisa-o-impacto-da-pandemia-entre-profissionais-de-saude.
9. Bertolazi AN, Fagondes SC, Hoff LS, Dartora EG, Miozzo IC, Barba ME, et al. Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep Med. 2011 Jan [cited 2026 Aug 01]; 12(1):70-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2010.04.020.
10. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989 [cited 2022 Nov 03]; 28(2):193-213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4.
11. Vidal PA, Queiros ES, Lima Júnior ES. Gender discussions of the nurse in the professional field. Revista Foco. 2023 [cited 2025 May 03]; 16(8):e2443. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54751/revistafoco.v16n8-084.
12. Korkmaz S, Kazgan A, Çekiç S, Tartar AS, Balcı HN, Atmaca M. The anxiety levels, quality of sleep and life and problem-solving skills in healthcare workers employed in COVID-19 services. J Clin Neurosci. 2020 [cited 2021 Feb 15]; 80:131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2020.07.073.
13. Costa NNG, Servo MLS, Figueredo WN. COVID-19 and the occupational stress experienced by health professionals in the hospital context: integrative review. Rev Bras Enferm. 2022 [cited 2025 May 03]; 75(Suppl 1):e20200859. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0859.
14. Al Maqbali M, Al Sinani M, Al-Lenjawi B. Prevalence of stress, depression, anxiety and sleep disturbance among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Psychosom. Res. 2021 [cited 2025 May 03]; 17(2):299–313. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110343.
15. Cooke JE, Eirich R, Racine N, Madigan S. Prevalence of posttraumatic and general psychological stress during COVID-19: a rapid review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2020 [cited 2022 Nov 03]; 292:113347. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113347.
16. Al Mawaali Z, Abdelrahman H, Al Qadire M, Ballad CAC, Al Busafi S, Al Busaidi B, et al. Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance among emergency nurses in Oman. J Emerg Nurs. 2024 [cited 2025 May 03]; 50(5):635-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2024.02.004.
17. Brito-Marques JMAM, Franco CMR, Brito-Marques PR, Martinez SCG, Prado GF. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep quality of medical professionals in Brazil. Arq Neuro-Psiquiatr. 2021 [cited 2025 May 03]; 79(2):149–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X-anp-2020-0449.
18. Teo I, Chay J, Cheung YB, Sung SC, Tewani KG, Yeo LF, et al. Healthcare worker stress, anxiety and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore: a 6-month multi-centre prospective study. PLoS One. 2021 [cited 2025 May 03];16(10):e0258866. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258866.
19. Sanghera J, Pattani N, Hashmi Y, Varley KF, Cheruvu MS, Bradley A, et al. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the mental health of healthcare workers in a hospital setting – a systematic review. J Occup Health. 2020 [cited 2025 May 03]; 62(1):e12175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/1348-9585.12175.
20. Reiser MN, Mattos LB. Repercussions of covid-19 on the mental health of primary health care professionals. REAID. 2023[ cited 2025 May 03]; 97(3):1640. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31011/reaid-2023-v.97-n.3-art.1640.
21. Lima KMS, Marques DF, Aragão Lima AG, Pinheiro IM, Ximenes LA. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare professionals: an integrative review. OLEL. 2024 [cited 2025 May 03]; 22(3):163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55905/oelv22n3-163.
22. Geoffroy PA, Tebeka S, Blanco C, Dubertret C, Le Strat Y. Shorter and longer durations of sleep are associated with an increased twelve-month prevalence of psychiatric and substance use disorders: findings from a nationally representative survey of US adults (NESARC-III). J Psychiatr Res. 2020 [cited 2024 Jan 12]; 124:34-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.02.018.
23. Erdoğan A, Berktaş DT, Öksüz AN, Şahin AR, Koçyiğit BF. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality in healthcare workers in Turkey. Egypt J Neurol Psychiatr Neurosurg. 2022 [cited 2024 Jan 12]; 58(1):58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41983-022-00489-3.
24. Tsegay Y, Arefayne NR, Fentie DY, Workie MM, Tegegne BA, Berhe YW. Assessment of sleep quality and its factors among clinicians working in critical care units and operation theaters at North West Ethiopia, 2022: a multicenter cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2023 [cited 2024 Jan 12]; 85(8):3870-3879. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000001071.
25. Ippolito M, Vitale F, Accurso G, Iozzo P, Gregorettin C, Giarratano A, et al. Medical masks and respirators for the protection of healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 and other viroses. Pulmonology. 2020 [ cited 2024 Jan 12]; 26(4):204-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pulmoe.2020.04.009.
26. Gusman E, Standlee J, Reid KJ, Wolfe LF. Work-related sleep disorders: causes and impacts. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2023 [cited 2024 Jan 12]; 44(3):385-95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1767787.
27. Ribeiro ÍAP, Oliveira ALCB, Feitosa CDA, Pillon SC, Marziale MHP, Fernandes MA. Sleep quality of nurses who worked in coping with COVID-19: an integrative review. Rev Bras Enferm. 2023 [cited 2024 Jan 12]; 76(6):e20230007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0007pt.
28. Cattani NA, Silva RM, Beck CLC, Miranda FMD, Dalmolin GL, Camponogara S. Repercussions of night shift work on nursing professionals' health and sleep quality. Texto-Contexto Enferm. 2022 [cited 2024 Jan 12]; 31:e20210346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2021-0346pt.
29. Borges MA, Alves DAG, Guimarães LHDCT. Quality of sleep and its relationship to quality of life and emotional status in university professors. Revista Neurociências. 2021 [cited 2023 Apr 04]; 29:1-16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2021.v29.12290.
30. Bezerra CMB, Costa JWS, Araújo MS, Melo BCC, Silva FAZ, Espínola MRC, et al. Association between stress, sleep quality and sleep disorders in nurses working during the pandemic by covid-19. J. Nurs. UFPE on line. 2023 [cited 2025 May 03]; 17(1):e257204. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963.2023.257204.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Ítalo Arão Pereira Ribeiro, Ana Lívia Castelo Branco de Oliveira, Mayla Rosa Guimarães, Jefferson Abraão Caetano Lira, Nanielle Silva Barbosa, Ana Larissa Gomes Machado, Maria Helena Palucci Marziale, Márcia Astrês Fernandes

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Al publicar en la Revista Enfermagem UERJ, los autores declaran que el trabajo es de su exclusiva autoría y asumen, por tanto, total responsabilidad por su contenido. Los autores retienen los derechos del autor de su artículo y concuerdan en permitir su trabajo usando un Permiso Público Internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivaciones (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), aceptando así los términos y condiciones de este permiso (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode).
Este permiso posibilita que los utilizadores compartan el material en cualquier medio o formato con tal que se haga de forma: no adaptada; sin fines comerciales; con atribución de crédito (cita y referencia) a los creadores del trabajo y fuente original de publicación. Los autores conceden a la Revista Enfermagem UERJ el derecho de primera publicación, de identificarse como publicadora original del trabajo y le conceden a la revista un permiso de derechos no exclusivos para utilizar el trabajo de las siguientes formas:
(1) vender y/o distribuir el trabajo en copias impresas y/o en formato electrónico;
(2) distribuir partes y/o el trabajo en su totalidad con el objetivo de promover la revista por medio de Internet y otros medios digitales e impresos;
(3) guardar y reproducir el trabajo en cualquier formato, incluyendo medios digitales.
En consonancia con las políticas de la revista, a cada artículo publicado será atribuido un permiso Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivaciones (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).



