Fatores de risco cardiovascular em idosos de uma comunidade quilombola [Cardiovascular risk factors in older adults of a quilombola community] [Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en ancianos de una comunidad quilombola]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2020.44773Keywords:
Idoso, Doenças Cardiovasculares, Fatores de Risco, Atenção Primária à Saúde.Abstract
Objetivo: descrever a frequência dos fatores de risco cardiovascular em idosos de uma comunidade quilombola. Método: estudo transversal desenvolvido com idosos quilombolas cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família. A coleta foi realizada com uma amostra de 62 idosos, utilizando-se o teste do qui-quadrado para análise dos dados. Resultados: as frequências dos fatores de risco foram: 67,7% de hipertensão arterial, 54,8% de adiposidade abdominal, 22,6% de glicemia capilar elevada, 19,4% de excesso de peso, 3,2% de sedentarismo e 3,2% de tabagismo, com diferença estatística apenas para adiposidade abdominal em idosas de cor branca (p<0,05). Conclusão: o estudo identificou elevada frequência de fatores de risco cardiovasculares nos idosos quilombolas atendidos na atenção primária à saúde, com destaque para hipertensão arterial, adiposidade abdominal e glicemia capilar elevada. Os resultados apontam a necessidade de melhoria de acesso da comunidade quilombola aos serviços de saúde.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to describe the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in the older adults of a quilombola community. Method: in this cross-sectional study of 62 older adults of a quilombo registered with Brazil’s Family Health Strategy, the data collected were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: risk factor frequencies were: 67.7% for arterial hypertension; 54.8%, abdominal adiposity; 22.6%, high capillary blood glucose; 19.4%, overweight; 3.2%, sedentary lifestyle; and 3.2%, smoking. Statistical difference was observed only for abdominal adiposity in older, white women (p<0.05). Conclusion: this study identified a high frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in quilombola older adults treated in primary health care, particularly arterial hypertension, abdominal adiposity, and high capillary blood glucose. These results indicate the need to improve quilombola communities’ access to health services.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: describir la frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en los adultos mayores de una comunidad quilombola. Método: en este estudio transversal de 62 adultos mayores de un quilombo inscrito en la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia de Brasil, los datos recolectados se analizaron mediante la prueba de Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: las frecuencias de los factores de riesgo fueron: 67,7% para la hipertensión arterial; 54,8%, adiposidad abdominal; 22,6%, glucemia capilar elevada; 19,4%, sobrepeso; 3,2%, sedentarismo; y 3,2%, tabaquismo. Se observó diferencia estadística solo para la adiposidad abdominal en mujeres blancas mayores (p <0.05). Conclusión: este estudio identificó una alta frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adultos mayores quilombolas tratados en atención primaria de salud, particularmente hipertensión arterial, adiposidad abdominal y glucemia capilar alta. Estos resultados indican la necesidad de mejorar el acceso de las comunidades quilombolas a los servicios de salud.
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