O acesso ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento de tuberculose em uma capital do nordeste brasileiro [Access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in a state capital in northeast Brazil]
Keywords:
Tuberculose, acesso aos serviços de saúde, avaliação de programas e projetos de saúde, saúde da família [Tuberculosis, health service accessibility, evaluation of health care programs and projects, family health]Abstract
Este estudo transversal descritivo objetivou avaliar o acesso ao diagnóstico e tratamento da tuberculose na Estratégia Saúde da Família em Teresina. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista estruturada a 86 doentes de tuberculose, no período de março a maio de 2010. Entre os entrevistados, 52,3% procuraram a unidade de saúde mais próxima do seu domicílio no diagnóstico, 75,6% referiram não ter dificuldade de deslocamento até a unidade de saúde. Em 62,8% dos casos, o tratamento foi autoadministrado nos dois primeiros meses. A maioria precisou procurar o serviço três ou mais vezes para conseguir o primeiro atendimento e avaliou o trabalho da equipe de saúde como razoável. No presente estudo foi predominante a autoadministração do medicamento. Portanto, a forma de organização da atenção não constitui fator determinante para a garantia de acesso ao diagnóstico precoce e ao tratamento adequado.ABSTRACT: This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to evaluate access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis by the Family Health Strategy in Teresina. Data were collected through structured interview of 86 patients with tuberculosis in the period from March to May 2010. Of the respondents, 52.3% attended the nearest clinic to their home; 75.6% reported having no difficulty in getting to the clinic. In 62.8% of cases, treatment was self-administered for the first two months. Most patients had to visit the service three or more times before being attended for the first time, and evaluated the health team’s work as fair. In the present study, medication was predominantly self-administered. Therefore, how care was organized did not constitute a determinant factor in ensuring access to early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
RESUMEN: Este estudio transversal descriptivo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el acceso al diagnóstico y tratamiento de la tuberculosis en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, en Teresina-PI-Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevista estructurada a 86 pacientes con tuberculosis, en el período de marzo a mayo de 2010. Entre los encuestados, 52,3% buscaron la unidad de salud más cercana de su casa en el diagnóstico, el 75,6% informaron no tener dificultades en el transporte para la clínica. En 62,8% de los casos, el tratamiento fue autosuministrado en los dos primeros meses. La mayoría de los pacientes necesitó buscar el servicio tres o más veces para obtener el primer tratamiento y evaluó el trabajo del equipo de salud como razonable. En el presente estudio fue predominante la autoadministración de la medicación. Por lo tanto, la forma de organización de la atención no es un factor determinante para garantizar el acceso al diagnóstico temprano y al tratamiento adecuado.
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