O trabalho de enfermagem com clientes hiv/aids: potencialidade para o sofrimento psíquico [Nursing work with customers hiv/aids: psychic potential for suffering]
Keywords:
Esgotamento profissional, saúde do trabalhador, enfermagem, Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida [Burnout professional, occupational health, nursing, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome]Abstract
O presente estudo teve como objetivos identificar a percepção dos trabalhadores de enfermagem acerca das características do trabalho na unidade de doença infectocontagiosa e analisar sua potencialidade para o surgimento do sofrimento psíquico entre esses trabalhadores. Pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, descritivo, desenvolvida num hospital geral fluminense, especificamente na unidade de doença infectocontagiosa, com 13 profissionais de enfermagem. A coleta ocorreu de maio a agosto de 2010, através da entrevista semiestruturada. A técnica utilizada foi a análise temática de conteúdo. Verificaram-se discrepâncias entre o trabalho prescrito e o real, pois, além de não haver material e pessoal em quantidade e qualidade adequadas, a planta física da unidade estudada não era apropriada para o cuidado de enfermagem. Conclui-se que o trabalhador de enfermagem apresenta sofrimento psíquico devido à característica da organização laboral, ao processo de trabalho e à especificidade da clientela assistida.
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to identify the perceptions of nursing staff about the characteristics of work in infectious disease unit and analyze its potential for the emergence of psychological distress among these workers. Qualitative research, descriptive, developed in a general hospital in Rio de Janeiro, specifically in the infectious disease unit, with 13 nursing staff. The collection took place from May to August 2010, through semi-structured interviews. The technique of analysis was thematic content analysis. There were discrepancies between the prescribed work and real, as well as there was no material and personnel in adequate quantity and quality, the physical plant of this sample was not suitable for nursing care. It is concluded that the nursing worker psychic suffering linked to the characteristic of work organization, work process and the specificity of customers assisted.
RESUMEN
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las percepciones del personal de enfermería acerca de las características del trabajo en la unidad de enfermedad infecciosa y analizar su potencial para la aparición de trastornos psicológicos entre trabajadores. Investigación cualitativa, descriptiva, desarrollada en un hospital general Río de Janeiro-Brasil, concretamente La unidad de enfermedad infecciosa, con 13 profesionales de enfermería. La colección de datos se llevó a cabo entre mayo y agosto de 2010, a través de entrevista semiestructurada. La técnica de análisis fue el análisis de contenido. Hubo discrepancias entre trabajo prescrito y real, así como no había material y personal en cantidad y calidad adecuadas, la planta física no era adecuada para la atención de enfermería. Se llegó a la conclusión de que el trabajador de enfermería presenta sufrimiento psíquico debido a característica de la organización del trabajo, al proceso de trabajo y a la especificidad de los clientes atendidos.
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