Dietary quality and self-reported diabetes in Brazilian adults: National Health Survey (2019)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/demetra.2025.78469Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus. Diet quality. Food consumption. Risk factors. Lifestyle.Abstract
Introduction: Knowledge of food consumption in individuals with diabetes is essential to guide comprehensive healthcare actions and encourage the improvement of the food and nutritional profile. Objective: Toanalyze the association between food consumption markers and the prevalence of self-reported diabetes among Brazilian adults. Methods: Data from 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey (n= 63,782) were analyzed. Diet was assessed based on regular consumption (≥ five times per week) of healthy and unhealthy food; and one diet quality score. Logistic regression models were stratified by gender and adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle variables, considering the effect of study design and sample weights. Results: A higher prevalence of self-reported diabetes was observed among adults with regular consumption of beans, fruits, and better diet quality. A lower prevalence was observed among those with regular consumption of soft drinks, artificial juice, sweets, and replaced lunch with snacks. After adjustment, the regular consumption of fruit (OR= 1.41 and OR= 1.31, respectively) and the diet quality score (Men: 5th= OR= 1.72; Women: 4th= OR= 1.48; 5th= 1.70) remained directly associated with the prevalence of diabetes, for both sexes, and inversely associated with the regular consumption of artificial juice (OR = 0.70) for men and sweets (OR= 0.64) for women. Conclusion: The association of diet quality and regular consumption of fruit with self-reported diabetes prevalence may suggest that Brazilian adults with diabetes seek a better diet quality to control and take care of their health conditions.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Érica Tânise Alves dos Santos, Ana Paula Muraro, Naiara Ferraz Moreira, Thaís Meirelles de Vasconcelos, Patrícia Simone Nogueira, Paulo Rogério Melo Rodrigues
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