Development, validation and reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire focused on adult hypertensive and/or diabetic individuals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/demetra.2020.44161Keywords:
Food Consumption. Nutrition Surveys. Hypertension. Diabetes Mellitus. Adults.Abstract
Objective: The aims of the current study are to develop and assess the validity and reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) focused on hypertensive and/or diabetic individuals living in Maceió City - AL, Brazil. Methods: The questionnaire was developed based on 1,603 twenty-four-hour recall dietary surveys (24-HDR). Three FFQs and three 24-HDRs were concomitantly applied to a sample of 40 individuals, at maximum interval of 45 days between applications, in order to assess FFQ validity and reproducibility. Validity assessment was based on Pearson’s (PCC) or Spearman’s (SCC) correlation coefficient between FFQs 1, 2, 3 and the mean of three 24-HDRs (the 24-HDR was used as reference standard). Reproducibility assessment was based on the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) among FFQs. Results: PCCs or SCCs recorded the recommended validity values (from 0.4 and 0.7) for energy, macronutrients, calcium and sodium in FFQs 1 and 2 (satisfactory validity), whereas other nutrients recorded PCC < 0.4. All investigated nutrients presented ICC within the recommended reproducibility values, except for potassium, which recorded ICC equal to 0.28 between FFQs 1 and 3. Conclusion: The FFQ developed and evaluated in the current study is a good food intake-evaluation instrument to assess energy, macronutrients, calcium and sodium in hypertensive and/or diabetic individuals, since it can provide important information for studies about nutritional epidemiology in this target population.
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