desafiando o adultocentrismo: discurso oral e a possibilidade de diálogo intergeracional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/childphilo.2023.73517Palavras-chave:
adultocentrismo, fpcc, comunidade de investigação filosófica, temporalidade, Merleau-Ponty, discurso oral, expressividadeResumo
Este artigo reflete sobre o papel da Filosofia no ambiente escolar, dando atenção especial à promessa de diálogo intergeracional levada adiante pelos programas de filosofia associados ao currículo de Filosofia para Crianças (FpC) de Lipman e sua atual transformação em Filosofia com Crianças (FcC). Existem duas ideias básicas que constituem a linha orientadora das minhas reflexões. A primeira é que intervenções filosóficas desse tipo desafiam as visões adultocêntricas da educação e da filosofia. A segunda é que essa iniciativa carrega consigo a promessa de reconhecer crianças como participantes iguais no processo de questionamento filosófico e de criação de significado. Na primeira parte do artigo, defendo a importância de entender o ato de filosofar com crianças como um rompimento do adultocentrismo. Primeiro, reflito sobre uma estreita orientação-para-o-futuro que parece caracterizar a temporalidade da escola. Sugiro que as intervenções da Filosofia para/com Crianças (FpcC) interrompam essa orientação para o futuro, convidando os estudantes a mergulharem em um “agora” de múltiplas possibilidades. Em seguida, reflito sobre as maneiras pelas quais as intervenções da FpcC desafiam o pressuposto de que a filosofia é uma preocupação de adultos. É dada atenção especial ao trabalho de acadêmicos que desafiam nossos pressupostos restritivos sobre o que se qualifica como pensamento filosófico. Na segunda parte deste artigo, volto-me para o trabalho de Merleau-Ponty com o objetivo de rascunhar alguns requisitos para a possibilidade de diálogo entre infância e adultez. Sugiro que as reflexões de Merleau-Ponty sobre a infância e a fala expressiva são inestimáveis no contexto da FpcC porque nos convidam a: 1) apreciar a alteridade das crianças sem reduzi-las a “outros” inferiores e 2) permanecer atentos para a expressividade do discurso infantil.
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