Hipertensão arterial e conhecimento popular: potencializando o cuidado [Arterial hypertension and popular knowledge: strengthening care]
Keywords:
Cuidado de enfermagem, hipertensão arterial, educação em saúde, autocuidado [Nursing care, arterial hypertension, health care education, self-care] [Cuidado de enfermería, hipertensión arterial, educación en salud, autocuidado]Abstract
O contexto sociocultural contemporâneo aponta para um distanciamento de informações entre a esfera do saber popular e a esfera do saber científico no que diz respeito à hipertensão arterial. Objetivou-se descrever os saberes populares sobre a hipertensão arterial e analisar o conhecimento científico da educação em saúde na hipertensão arterial. Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, desenvolvido com 23 pessoas atendidas na rede ambulatorial e nas feiras de saúde no município do Rio de Janeiro, em 2010. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. São resultados: os saberes populares sobre a hipertensão arterial mostraram dúvidas em relação ao desenvolvimento, curso da patologia, os sinais e sintomas, as dificuldades do controle com a medicação e a carência de informação. Concluiu-se que as ações educativas não despertaram nos usuários a consciência crítica, deixando muitas dúvidas, e não atingiram os objetivos propostos pela reorientação das práticas de saúde.
ABSTRACT
The contemporary sociocultural context suggests an information gap between the popular knowledge level and the scientific knowledge level, as far as arterial hypertension is concerned. The objective was to describe the popular knowledge on arterial hypertension and to analyze the scientific knowledge on health care education in arterial hypertension. A qualitative and descriptive study developed with 23 outpatients assisted in appointments and health care events in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro in 2010. The data were collected by means of semi-structured interview and submitted to content analysis. Results the popular knowledge on arterial hypertension showed some questions regarding the development, course of pathology, signs and symptoms, difficulties to control the medication and lack of information. We conclude that the educational actions have not awakened the critical awareness on users, with many questions remaining, and they have not achieved the objectives proposed on health care practices reorientation.
RESUMEN
El contexto sociocultural contemporáneo apunta para un alejamiento de informaciones entre el campo del saber popular y el campo del saber científico con respecto a la hipertensión arterial. Se objetivó describir los saberes populares sobre la hipertensión arterial y analizar el conocimiento científico de la educación en salud en la hipertensión arterial. Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, desarrollado con 23 personas atendidas en la red ambulatorial y en los eventos de salud en El municipio de Rio de Janeiro-RJ-Brasil, en 2010. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevista semiestructurada y sometidos al análisis de contenido. Son resultados: los saberes populares sobre la hipertensión arterial revelaron dudas en relación al desarrollo, curso de la patología, los señales y síntomas, las dificultades del control con la medicación y la carência de información. Se concluyó que las acciones educativas no despertaron en los usuarios la conciencia crítica, generando muchas dudas, y no alcanzaron los objetivos propuestos por la reorientación de las prácticas de salud.
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