Aspectos bioéticos dos cuidados em saúde às pessoas idosas ao fim da vida [Bioethical aspects of the health care provided to older adults at the end of their lives] [Aspectos bioéticos de los cuidados de salud a adultos mayores en el final de la vida]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2020.47321Keywords:
Bioética, Idoso, Cuidados Paliativos.Abstract
Objetivo: analisar a produção científica nacional e internacional, buscando as interfaces existentes entre os princípios bioéticos e os cuidados em saúde prestados ao fim da vida às pessoas idosas. Método: revisão integrativa, cuja busca ocorreu entre outubro e novembro de 2019 nas bases de dados Medline via Pubmed, Lilacs e Scopus com os descritores: “Palliative Care", “Aged” e “Bioethics” de 2014-2019. Resultados: a partir dos artigos selecionados, emergiram as seguintes categorias: condutas terapêuticas frente aos cuidados ao fim da vida; tomada de decisão nos cuidados ao fim da vida; e desafios nos cuidados ao fim da vida. Conclusão: destaca-se a relevância dos profissionais manterem o compromisso com a pessoa idosa e sua família de forma a considerar suas subjetividades e preferências e os instrumentalizar para que os cuidados sejam pautados em princípios bioéticos, para assim proporcionar um processo de morte e de morrer com dignidade.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to examine the Brazilian and international scientific production for connections between bioethical principles and the health care provided to older adults at the end of their lives. Method: between October and November 2019 this integrative review searched the Medline (Pubmed), Lilacs, and Scopus databases using the descriptors: “Palliative Care”, “Aged”, and “Bioethics” for the period 2014-2019. Results: the following categories emerged from the selected articles: therapeutic conducted with regard to end-of-life care; decision making on end-of-life care; and challenges in end-of-life care. Conclusion: of particular importance is for health professionals to uphold their commitment to older adults and their families, consider their subjectivities and preferences, and empower and equip them so that care is guided by bioethical principles in order to assure a dignified process of dying and death.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: examinar la producción científica brasileña e internacional en busca de conexiones entre los principios bioéticos y la atención médica brindada a los adultos mayores al final de sus vidas. Método: entre octubre y noviembre de 2019, esta revisión integradora buscó en las bases de datos Medline (Pubmed), Lilacs y Scopus utilizando los descriptores: "Cuidados paliativos", "Envejecido" y "Bioética" para el período 2014-2019. Resultados: las siguientes categorías surgieron de los artículos seleccionados: terapéutico realizado con respecto a la atención al final de la vida; toma de decisiones sobre la atención al final de la vida; y desafíos en la atención al final de la vida. Conclusión: es de particular importancia que los profesionales de la salud mantengan su compromiso con los adultos mayores y sus familias, consideren sus subjetividades y preferencias, y los empoderen y equipen para que la atención se guíe por principios bioéticos para asegurar un proceso digno de muerte y muerte.
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