Perfil clínico epidemiológico de crianças admitidas em unidade pediátrica [Clinical and epidemiological profile of children admitted to a pediatric unit] [Perfil clínico y epidemiológico de niños ingresados en una unidad pediátrica]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2020.46533Keywords:
Enfermagem Pediátrica, Morbidade, Perfil Epidemiológico.Abstract
Objetivo: analisar o perfil clínico epidemiológico de crianças admitidas na pediatria de um hospital público no interior do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Método: estudo descritivo, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido com responsáveis de crianças admitidas na pediatria, através da aplicação de questionário. Resultados: 92 (100%) responsáveis participaram do estudo, dos quais, 57 (62,0%) não trabalham; 27 (29,4%) possuem quatro dependentes; 35 (38,0%) perfazem renda familiar de um salário mínimo. A maior proporção das crianças foi de lactentes, 47 (51,1%); com diagnóstico de afecção respiratória, 35 (38,0%). Conclusão: foi evidenciada associação entre determinantes sociais, sobretudo o socioeconômico, com o desenvolvimento de afecções respiratórias, especialmente em lactentes. Sugere-se que políticas direcionadas sejam intensificadas, não apenas para ação curativa, mas preventiva, através de educação em saúde direcionadas às famílias e aos responsáveis, visando reconhecer os fatores de risco para aquisição dessas doenças, bem como o reconhecimento dos sinais de gravidade.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to analyze clinical and epidemiologically profile of children admitted to pediatrics at a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro State. Method: this quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted by applying a questionnaire to parents and guardians of children admitted to pediatrics. Results: 92 (100%) parents and guardians participated, 57 (62.0%) of whom were out of work; 27 (29.4%) had four dependents; 35 (38.0%) received family income of one minimum wage. The children were mostly infants (47; 51.1%) and diagnosed with a respiratory condition (35; 38.0%). Conclusion: an association was found between social determinants, especially socioeconomic factors, and the development of respiratory disorders, particularly in infants. It is recommended that specific policies, for not only curative care, but also prevention, be intensified by health education to enable families, parents and guardians to recognize the risk factors for such diseases, as well as the signs of severity.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: analizar el perfil clínico y epidemiológico de los niños ingresados en pediatría en un hospital público del estado de Río de Janeiro. Método: este estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal se realizó mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario a padres y tutores de niños ingresados en pediatría. Resultados: participaron 92 (100%) padres y tutores, de los cuales 57 (62,0%) estaban sin trabajo; 27 (29,4%) tenían cuatro dependientes; 35 (38,0%) recibieron ingresos familiares de un salario mínimo. Los niños eran en su mayoría bebés (47; 51,1%) y diagnosticados con una afección respiratoria (35; 38,0%). Conclusión: se encontró asociación entre los determinantes sociales, especialmente los socioeconómicos, y el desarrollo de trastornos respiratorios, particularmente en la infancia. Se recomienda que las políticas específicas, no solo de atención curativa, sino también de prevención, se intensifiquen mediante la educación en salud para que las familias, padres y tutores reconozcan los factores de riesgo de dichas enfermedades, así como los signos de gravedad.
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