Situação sorológica e vacinal para Hepatite B em puérperas de uma maternidade pública [Hepatitis B serologic and vaccination status in postpartum women at a public maternity hospital]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.6481Keywords:
Cobertura vacinal, sorologia, hepatite B, puerpério [Immunization coverage, serology, hepatitis B, puerperium] [Cobertura vacunal, serología, posparto]Abstract
A Hepatite B é uma infecção viral que se destaca pela alta morbimortalidade, cronicidade, cirrose e carcinoma hepatocelular. Esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar a situação sorológica e vacinal para Hepatite B em puérperas internadas em uma maternidade pública de Teresina. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado por meio de entrevistas com 377 puérperas, entre janeiro a fevereiro de 2011. A baixa cobertura vacinal caracterizou-se pelas oportunidades perdidas de vacinação, pois 77,5% delas não receberam nenhuma dose da vacina, embora a maioria tenha realizado o pré-natal. Apenas 41,9% realizaram sorologia. Em relação às informações sobre a vacina, observa-se que 77,3% das puérperas foram informadas sobre as vacinas que deveriam receber durante o pré-natal. Dentre as fontes informantes, o enfermeiro foi o mais citado, com 55%, reforçando o seu papel de destaque como um educador em saúde na atenção pré-natal. Evidenciou-se a ocorrência de baixas coberturas sorológica e vacinal, denunciando a ineficiência do acompanhamento pré-natal.
ABSTRACT
Hepatitis B is a viral infection notable for high rates of morbidity, chronicity, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This transversal study to evaluate serologic and Hepatitis B vaccination status in women admitted to a public maternity hospital in Teresina was conducted in January and February, 2011, through interviews of a sample of 377 postpartum women. Poor vaccine coverage was characterized by missed opportunities for immunization: 77.5% of the sample received no dose of the vaccine, even though most had received antenatal care. Hepatitis serology testing had been performed on only 41.9%. However, 77.1% were informed of what vaccines they should receive during the antenatal period. Nurses were the information source most mentioned (by 55%), underlining their key role as health educators in antenatal care. The study found low vaccine and serological coverage, evidencing the inefficiency of antenatal monitoring.
RESUMEN
La Hepatitis B es una infección viral que se caracteriza por la alta morbimortalidad, cronicidad, cirrosis y carcinoma hepatocelular. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la situación serológica y vacunal contra la Hepatitis B en mujeres en el periodo de posparto internadas en una maternidad pública de Teresina. Se trata de un estudio transversal, realizado a través de entrevistas junto a 377 mujeres en el posparto, entre enero y febrero de 2011. La baja cobertura vacunal se ha caracterizado por las oportunidades perdidas de vacunación, ya que el 77,5% no recibió ninguna dosis de vacuna, aunque la mayoría haya realizado el prenatal. Sólo el 41,9% realizó serología. En cuanto a las informaciones acerca de la vacuna, se observa que el 77,1 % de las mujeres en posparto fue informado acerca de las vacunas que se deben tomar en el período prenatal. Entre las fuentes informantes, el enfermero fue el que más se ha mencionado, en 55%, lo que refuerza su papel de destaque como un educador de salud en la atención prenatal. Reveló la existencia de bajas coberturas serológicas y vacunal, denunciando la ineficiencia de la atención prenatal.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.6481
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
When publishing in Revista Enfermagem UERJ, the authors declare that the work is their exclusive authorship and therefore assume full responsibility for its content.
Authors retain copyright to their article and agree to license their work using a Creative Commons Attribution International Public License (CC BY), thereby accepting the terms and conditions of this license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.en), which allows material created by the author to be distributed, copied and displayed by third parties. The original work must be cited and present a link to the article available on the website of the journal in which it was published.
The Copyright of the articles published in Revista Enfermagem UERJ belongs to their respective author(s), with the rights of first publication assigned to Revista Enfermagem UERJ, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons License CC BY, which allows sharing of work with recognition of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
The authors grant Revista Enfermagem UERJ the right of first publication, to identify themselves as the original publisher of the work and grant the magazine a license of non-exclusive rights to use the work in the following ways:
- Sell and/or distribute the work in printed copies and/or electronic format;
- Distribute parts and/or the work as a whole with the aim of promoting the magazine through the internet and other digital and printed media;
- Record and playback work in any format, including digital media.
In line with the journal's policies, each published article will be assigned a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.