Condições de trabalho no hospital: percepções de enfermeiras obstétricas [Work conditions in the hospital: perceptions of obstetric nurses] [Las condiciones laborales en el hospital: la percepción de enfermeras obstétricas]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2017.26999Keywords:
Enfermagem obstétrica, Mulheres trabalhadoras, Humanização da assistência, Saúde da mulherAbstract
Objetivo: descrever as percepções de enfermeiras obstétricas sobre suas condições de trabalho. Método: pesquisa qualitativa com 15 enfermeiras obstétricas atuantes em hospitais da cidade Rio de Janeiro. As entrevistas foram realizadas no período de abril a maio de 2016 e após foram transcritas, codificadas, categorizadas e discutidas à luz do referencial de Bourdieu. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética e pesquisa/CAAE 54061315.9.0000.5282. Resultados: as condições de trabalho percebidas pelas enfermeiras foram a instabilidade no vínculo de contrato, levando ao medo de perder o emprego; a busca por produtividade que descaracteriza o cuidado humanizado e a violência simbólica representada pela desqualificação e divisão sexual do trabalho. Conclusão: essas condições apontam para a precarização do trabalho e podem interferir diretamente na implantação das práticas de cuidado humanizadas no parto e nascimento e na saúde das enfermeiras.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to describe the obstetric nurses’ perceptions about their working conditions. Method: qualitative research with 15 obstetric nurses working in hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. The interviews were carried out from April to May 2016 and were then transcribed, coded, categorized and discussed based on Bourdieu’s reference. The research was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee / CAAE 54061315.9.0000.5282. Results: the working conditions perceived by nurses were caracterized by instability in the job contract, leading to fear of losing their job; the search for productivity that de-characterizes the humanized care and symbolic violence represented by the disqualification and sexual division of labor. Conclusion: these conditions indicate to the precariousness of work and may interfere directly in the development of humanized care practices in childbirth and birth as well as in nurses’ health.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: describir las percepciones de las enfermeras obstétricas sobre sus condiciones de trabajo. Método: investigación cualitativa con 15 enfermeras obstétricas que trabajan en hospitales de la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Las entrevistas se llevaron a cabo de abril a mayo de 2016 y luego fueran transcritas, codificadas, categorizadas y discutidas según el referencia lde Bourdieu. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética e Investigación / CAAE 54061315.9.0000.5282. Resultados: las condiciones laborales percibidas por las enfermeras se caracterizaron por la inestabilidad en el contrato de trabajo, lo que generó temor a perder su trabajo; la búsqueda de la productividad que descaracteriza el cuidado humanizado; y la violencia simbólica representada por la descalificación y la división sexual del trabajo. Conclusión: estas condiciones indican la precariedad del trabajo y pueden interferir directamente en el desarrollo de prácticas de cuidado humanizado en el parto y el nacimiento, así como en la salud de las enfermeras.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2017.26999
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