A segurança do trabalhador de enfermagem na administração de quimioterápicos antineoplásicos por via endovenosa [Nursing workers’ safety during intravenous administration of antineoplastic chemotherapeutics]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2014.15513Keywords:
Saúde do trabalhador, riscos ocupacionais, quimioterapia, equipamentos de proteção [Workers’ health, occupational hazards, chemotherapy, protective equipment] [Salud del trabajador, riesgos laborales, equipo de protección]Abstract
A exposição ocupacional dos trabalhadores que manipulam drogas quimioterápicas antineoplásicas pode ocorrer durante o preparo, administração e seu descarte, sendo imprescindível o uso correto de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPIs). Estudo de natureza qualiquantitativa, realizado no sul do Brasil. Objetivou-se identificar o conhecimento dos trabalhadores acerca do uso correto dos EPI’s, e analisar o processo de administração dos agentes químicos, pelos trabalhadores de enfermagem, em unidade de clínica médica e ambulatório de quimioterapia de um hospital universitário. Na coleta de dados, em 2010, foram utilizados questionário e observação de campo. Identificou-se que os trabalhadores conhecem os cuidados de proteção, mas não os realizam efetivamente na unidade de internação, diferente do observado no ambulatório, onde o serviço é especializado no manuseio de tais drogas, gerando um comprometimento maior com a sua segurança. Os resultados revelaram a necessidade de educação permanente para conscientização do risco de exposição às drogas antineoplásicas.
ABSTRACT
Occupational exposure of workers handling antineoplastic chemotherapy drugs may occur during preparation, administration and disposal, and correct use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential. This qualitative and quantitative study was conducted in southern Brazil in order to identify workers’ knowledge of proper use of PPE, and to analyze the process of administration of these chemical agents by nursing staff on an internal medicine ward and an outpatient chemotherapy unit at a university hospital. Data were collected in 2010 by questionnaire and field observation. It was ascertained that workers knew what protection precautions to take, but did not actually taken them on the ward, unlike what was seen at the outpatient clinic, where the service specializes in handling these drugs, leading to greater commitment to security. The results revealed the need for continuing education to build awareness of the risk of exposure to antineoplastic drugs.
RESUMEN
La exposición ocupacional de trabajadores que manipulan fármacos antineoplásicos puede acaecer durante la preparación, administración y descarte de los medicamentos, siendo esencial el correcto uso de equipos de seguridad (ESs). Estudio de carácter cualitativo y cuantitativo, realizado en el sur de Brasil. Su objectivo fue identificar el conocimiento de trabajadores sobre el uso correcto de ESs y analizar el proceso de administración de los fármacos, en unidad clínica y unidad de quimioterapia ambulatorial de un hospital universitario. En la recolección de datos, en 2010, fueron utilizados cuestionario y observación de campo. Se identificó que los trabajadores conocen los cuidados de protección, pero no los realizan con eficacia en la unidad de hospitalización, diferente del observado en ambulatorio, donde el servicio es especializado en el manoseo de eses fármacos, generando mayor compromiso con su seguridad. Los resultados revelaron la necesidad de educación contínua para el conocimiento de la exposición al riesgo de los fármacos antineoplásicos.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2014.15513
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