Características dos pacientes que receberam heparina sódica: fundamentando um cuidado de enfermagem seguro [Characteristics of patients receiving heparin: grounds for safe care nursing]
Keywords:
Heparina, enfermagem, segurança, hemorragia [Heparin, nursing, security, hemorrhage] [Heparina, enfermeira, seguridad, hemorragia]Abstract
Estudo com o objetivo de caracterizar os pacientes que receberam infusão intravenosa de heparina sódica. Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, realizado a partir de análise do prontuário de pacientes que receberam infusão contínua de heparina sódica. Foram analisados 527 prontuários de um hospital sentinela do Rio de Janeiro, nos anos de 2011 e 2012, nos quais 79 (14,99%) pacientes receberam heparina sódica intravenosa. A maioria dos pacientes tinha mais de 60 anos, estavam distribuídos entre os diagnósticos de Fibrilação Atrial, Síndrome Coronariana Aguda e Trombose Venosa Profunda. A mediana da duração da terapia foi de quatro dias. Constatou-se que o tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada foi dosado, em média, uma vez ao dia e a taxa de eventos hemorrágicos foi de 21,51%. Conclui-se que, durante a terapia com heparina sódica, o enfermeiro, para garantir um cuidado seguro, deve levar em consideração os fatores de risco para sangramento e o monitoramento laboratorial
ABSTRACT
This research aimed at characterizing patients who received intravenous heparin infusion. Cross-sectional retrospective study conducted on the basis of records of patients who received continuous infusion of heparin. Analysis was made on 527 records of a sentinel hospital in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, in 2011 and 2012, 79 of which (14,99%) belonged to patients who received intravenous heparin. Most patients were older than 60 years and were diagnosed with Atrial Fibrillation, Acute Coronary Syndrome, and deep vein thrombosis. Average duration of therapy was four days. Activated partial thromboplastin time was determined, on average, once a day and the rate of bleeding was 21.51 %. Conclusions show that to ensure safe care during therapy with heparin sodium nurses should take into account risk factors for bleeding and laboratory monitoring.
RESUMEN
El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar los pacientes que recibieron infusión intravenosa de heparina sódica. Estudio retrospectivo transversal realizado a partir de análisis de los registros de los pacientes que recibieron infusión continua de heparina sódica. Se analizaron 527 registros de un hospital centinela en Río de Janeiro-Brasil, en los años 2011 y 2012, en los cuales 79 (14,99%) pacientes recibieron heparina sódica intravenosa. La mayoría de los pacientes tenían más de 60 años estaban divididos entre los diagnósticos de Fibrilación Auricular, Síndrome Coronario Agudo y Trombosis Venosa Profunda. La mediana de duración del tratamiento fue de cuatro días. Se observó que el tiempo de tromboplastina parcial activada, se determinó, en promedio , una vez al día y la tasa de hemorragia fue de 21,51 %. Se concluye que, durante el tratamiento con heparina sódica, el enfermero para garantizar una atención segura, debe tener en cuenta los factores de riesgo para la vigilancia de sangrado y de laboratorio.
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