Aborto provocado: representações sociais de mulheres [Induced abortion: social representations of women]
Keywords:
Aborto provocado, violência doméstica, saúde da mulher, enfermagem [Induced abortion, domestic violence, women’s health, nursing] [Aborto inducido, violencia domestica, salud de la mujer, enfermeira]Abstract
Estudo com abordagem quantitativa, fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais. A pesquisa teve como objetivo apreender o conteúdo e a estrutura das representações sociais de mulheres sobre o aborto provocado. Os sujeitos foram 147 mulheres que provocaram aborto tendo como locus uma maternidade pública, Salvador-BA. Utilizou-se o Teste de Associação Livre de Palavras, em 2007. Os dados foram processados pelo softwareEVOC-2000. A estrutura das representações encontra-se sustentada pelos elementos do núcleo central que qualificam o ato do aborto provocado (crime e pecado), motivam a prática (coragem e situação de cada um) e expressam as consequências da realização (dor, arrependimento, culpa, morte e tristeza) e pelos elementos do núcleo periférico (remédio, preconceito, maldade, fraca, raiva e difícil). Os profissionais de saúde podem desenvolver ações a fim de ressignificar tais representações, que resultam no adoecimento dessas mulheres, e pensar estratégias que garantam um atendimento livre de julgamentos.
ABSTRACT
Quantitative study based on the Theory of Social Representations. This piece of research aimed at analyzing contents and identifying structure of social representations of women on induced abortion. Subjects enrolled consisted of 147 women with abortion induced at a public maternity, Salvador, BA, Brazil. A free word association test was used in 2007. Data was analyzed on the EVOC-2000 software. The structure of the representations is supported by elements of the central nucleus and by those of the peripheral nucleus. The first ones qualify the abortion act (crime and sin), motivate action (courage and specificity of individual’s condition), and express consequences of the act (pain, regret, guilt, death, and sadness); and the peripheral elements are expressed as remedy, preconception, wickedness, weakness, anger, and difficulty. Health professionals can develop actions to reframe such representations, which result in illness to those women, and can think of strategies that assure judgment-free care.
RESUMEN
Estudio cuantitativo, apoyado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. Tuvo como objetivo aprehender el contenido y la estructura de las representaciones sociales de mujeres sobre el aborto inducido. Los sujetos fueron 147 mujeres que inducieron el aborto en una maternidad publica en Salvador-BA-Brasil. Se utilizó um teste de asociación libre de palabras, en 2007. Los datos fueron procesados por el software EVOC-2000. La estructura de las representaciones encuentranse sustenidas por los elementos del nucleo central que califican el acto del aborto inducido (delito y pecado), motivan la practica (coraje y situación de cada uno) y expresan las consecuencias de la realización (dolor, arrepentimiento, culpa, muerte y tristeza) y por los elementos del núcleo periférico (remedio, prejuicio, maldad, flaca, ravia y difícil). Los profesionales de la salud pueden desarrollar acciones para reformular estas representaciones, que se traducen en la enfermedad de estas mujeres, y las estrategias de pensamiento que garantizan un cuidado libre de juicios.
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