Significados da vivência do amamentar entre as enfermeiras da área materno-infantil [Meanings of the experience of breastfeeding among nurses in maternal and child healthcare]
Keywords:
Aleitamento materno, enfermagem, enfermagem obstétrica, pesquisa qualitativa [Breast feeding, Nursing, Obstetrical nursing, Qualitative research] [Lactancia materna, Enfermería, Enfermería obstétrica, Investigación cualitativa]Abstract
Apesar da complexidade dos determinantes, a escolaridade é apontada como fator positivo no sucesso do aleitamento materno. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo qualitativo foi compreender os significados sobre a vivência do amamentar entre as enfermeiras da área materno-infantil. Para a coleta de dados, em 2009, realizamos entrevista semiestruturada com oito enfermeiras, funcionárias de um hospital universitário, em Recife, Pernambuco. As falas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo temática e interpretadas a partir dos constructos da Teoria das Representações Sociais. Da reinterpretação e resignificação do amamentar para as enfermeiras, emergiram quatro temas: o poder dos peitos; realização pessoal permeada pela ambivalência de sentimentos; rede social; o ser mulher, mãe e enfermeira. O estudo revelou que as enfermeiras, ao se tornarem nutrizes vivenciaram a amamentação de maneira semelhante às mulheres que não têm o ensino superior.
ABSTRACT
Despite the complex determinants concerning a successful breastfeeding, education is seen as a positive factor. Therefore the present qualitative study aimed to understand the meanings of the experience of breastfeeding among nurses from maternal and child healthcare. For data collection, in 2009, semistructured interviews were conducted with eight nurses, employees of a university hospital in Recife, Pernambuco. The statements were analysed by thematic content analysis and interpreted based on the Theory of Social Representations. In the reinterpretation and redefinition of nursing for nurses, four themes emerged: the power of the breasts; personal satisfaction permeated by feelings of ambivalence ; social support network ; being woman, mother and nurse. The study pointed out that nurses, when become breastfeeding mothers, experienced breastfeeding similarly to women who do not have high level education.
RESUMEN
Apesar de la complejidad de los determinantes, la educación es identificada como un factor positivo en El éxito de la lactancia. El objetivo de este estudio cualitativo fue comprender el significado de la lactancia materna entre lãs enfermeras de salud materno-infantil. Para recopilar los datos, en 2009, se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semi-estructuradas con ocho enfermeras, empleadas de un hospital universitario de Recife, Pernambuco. Los discursos fueron sometidos a análisis de contenido temático e interpretados a partir de los constructos de la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. Desde la reinterpretación y redefinición de enfermería para las enfermeras, cuatro núcleos temáticos han surgido: el poder de los senos; la realización personal impregnada de sentimientos de ambivalência; red social; ser mujer, madre y enfermera. El estudio reveló que las enfermeras, para convertirse en madres con experiencia de lactancia materna de manera similar a las mujeres que no tienen educación superior.
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