Impacto de intervenção psicoeducacional na autoeficácia percebida de estudantes de enfermagem [Impact of psychoeducational intervention on nursing students’ perceived self-efficacy] [Impacto de intervención psicoeducacional en la autoeficacia percibida de estudiantes de enfermería]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2021.53845Keywords:
Promoção da Saúde, Saúde Mental, Autoeficácia, Estudantes de Enfermagem.Abstract
Objetivo: avaliar o impacto de um programa psicoeducacional nos níveis de autoeficácia, autoestima e sintomas ansiosos e depressivos em estudantes no início da graduação em enfermagem. Método: pesquisa multicêntrica, quase experimental, do tipo tempo-série, desenvolvida em duas instituições de ensino superior públicas, com 82 estudantes, no período de setembro de 2018 a maio de 2019. O programa psicoeducacional foi elaborado com base no construto da autoeficácia, baseando-se nas atividades de enfermagem da intervenção “Fortalecimento da autoestima”, proposta pela Nursing Interventions Classification. Os desfechos avaliados foram: autoeficácia, mensurada pela Escala de Autoeficácia Geral e Percebida; autoestima, mensurada pela Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg; sintomas ansiosos e depressivos, avaliados pela Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão. Resultados: a intervenção psicoeducacional teve efeito positivo na percepção de autoeficácia geral dos estudantes. A autoestima e os sintomas ansiosos e depressivos não foram influenciados. Conclusão: os níveis de autoeficácia foram positivamente impactados pelo programa implementado.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to evaluate the impact of a psychoeducational program on the levels of self-efficacy, self-esteem, and anxious and depressive symptoms in students starting their undergraduate nursing program. Method: this quasi-experimental, multicenter, time-series type study was conducted with 82 students at two public institutions of higher education, from September 2018 to May 2019. Based on the self-efficacy construct, the psychoeducational program contemplated nursing activities of the “Strengthening self-esteem” intervention proposed by the Nursing Interventions Classification. The outcomes evaluated were self-efficacy, on the General and Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale; self-esteem, on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; and anxious and depressive symptoms, on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results: the psychoeducational intervention had a positive effect on the students’ perception of general self-efficacy. Self-esteem and anxious and depressive symptoms were not influenced. Conclusion: the program impacted levels of self-efficacy positively.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: evaluar el impacto de un programa psicoeducativo en los niveles de autoeficacia, autoestima y síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en estudiantes al inicio de sus estudios universitarios en enfermería. Método: investigación multicéntrica, cuasi-experimental, tipo serie temporal, desarrollada en dos instituciones públicas de educación superior, con 82 estudiantes, de septiembre de 2018 a mayo de 2019. El programa psicoeducativo se desarrolló con base en el constructo de autoeficacia y las actividades de enfermería de la intervención “Fortalecimiento de la autoestima”, propuesta por la Nursing Interventions Classification. Los resultados evaluados fueron: autoeficacia, medida por la Escala de Autoeficacia General y Percibida; autoestima, medida por la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg; síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, evaluados por la Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión. Resultados: la intervención psicoeducativa tuvo un efecto positivo sobre la percepción de autoeficacia general de los estudiantes. La autoestima y los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión no se vieron afectados. Conclusión: los niveles de autoeficacia fueron impactados positivamente por el programa implementado.
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