Comunicação participativa: perfil clínico de pacientes diabéticos antes e após intervenção educativa [Participatory communication: clinical profile of diabetic patients before and after educational intervention]
Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, prevenção e controle, educação em enfermagem, comunicação em saúde [Diabetes mellitus, prevention & control, education, nursing, health, communication]Abstract
Este estudo quase-experimental teve como objetivo avaliar o estado físico geral de pacientes diabéticos mexicanos antes e após a implementação de um programa de ensino baseado na comunicação participativa e tradicional. O grupo experimental participou do programa de ensino para cuidados com os pés utilizando a comunicação participativa e o grupo controle utilizou o método de comunicação tradicional. Os dados foram obtidos em 2007, através de exame físico e entrevista em três momentos: antes do início, no final do programa e seis meses após o término da intervenção. A maior parte dos participantes era do sexo feminino, com média de idade 52 anos. As variáveis exames laboratoriais e exame físico apresentaram perfis distintos (p<0,001), constatando-se que o programa baseado na comunicação participativa foi melhor do que o da metodologia tradicional. Estratégias de ensino como da comunicação participativa podem resultar em maior eficácia no alcance dos objetivos da educação em saúde.
ABSTRACT
This quasi-experimental study aimed to assess the general physical condition of Mexican diabetic patients before and after implementation of a teaching program based on participatory and traditional communication. The experimental group participated in the teaching program for foot care using participatory communication and the control group used the traditional communication method. Data were obtained in 2007 through clinical examination and interview at three moments: before the beginning, at the end of the program, and six months after the end of intervention. Most participants were female, with average age of 52 years. Laboratory tests and physical examination variables showed different profiles (p<0.001). The program based on participatory communication proved to be better than the traditional method. Teaching strategies such as participatory communication can result in higher goal achievement efficiency levels in health education.
RESUMEN
Este estudio cuasi-experimental evaluó la condición física general de los pacientes diabéticos mejicanos antes y después de la implementación de un programa de enseñanza basado en la comunicación participativa y tradicional. El grupo experimental participó en el programa de enseñanza para el cuidado de los pies utilizando comunicación participativa, mientras el grupo control utilizó el método tradicional de comunicación. Los datos fueron obtenidos en 2007, a través del examen físico y de entrevista en tres momentos: antes del inicio, al final del programa y seis meses después del término de la intervención. La mayoría de los participantes eran mujeres, con edad media de 52 años. Las variables testes de laboratorio y examen físico presentaron perfiles distintos (p<0,001), señalando que el programa de educación basado en la comunicación participativa fue mejor que el método tradicional. Estrategias de enseñanza tales como la comunicación participativa pueden resultar en una mayor eficacia en el alcance de los objetivos de educación en salud.
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