Determinantes individuais e utilização dos serviços de saúde para o diagnóstico da tuberculose [Individual determinants and utilization of health services for tuberculosis diagnostic]
Keywords:
Tuberculose, diagnóstico, utilização, individualidade [Tuberculosis, diagnosis, utilization, individuality] [Tuberculosis, utilización, individualidad]Abstract
Estudo seccional que objetivou analisar a influência dos determinantes individuais na utilização de serviços de saúde para o acesso ao diagnóstico de tuberculose. Foram entrevistados 101 doentes em tratamento no município de João Pessoa-PB, de julho a outubro de 2009. Três indicadores foram levantados – predisposição, disponibilidade e necessidade – e avaliados por meio de análise bivariada e teste de associação do qui-quadrado. Constatou-se que 46,5% dos doentes acessaram a atenção básica (AB), 36,6% optaram por serviços especializados e 16,8% procuraram o ambulatório do Programa de Controle da Tuberculose. Em ambos os sexos, a procura pelos serviços da AB foi predominante, como também entre os indivíduos até 40 e acima de 60anos, pardos e negros, baixo nível de renda e escolaridade. O determinante individual associado à procura pelas unidades de AB está relacionado aos atributos dos indivíduos pertencentes às classes econômicas menos favorecidas, repercutindo nas desigualdades de acesso à saúde.
ABSTRACT
It is a cross-sectional study which aimed to analyze the influence of the individual determinants in the utilization of health services for the access to tuberculosis diagnostic. 101 patients in treatment in João Pessoa-PB were interviewed, from July to October 2009.Three indicators were raised – predisposition, availability and necessity. These indicators were evaluated by means of bivariate analysis and association chi-square test. It was found that 46.5% of patients accessed the Primary Care Services (PCS), 36.6% opted by Specialized Services and 16.8% looked for the ambulatory of the Tuberculosis Control Program. In both sexes, the demand for PCS was predominant, as well as between individuals until 40 years old and above 60, brown and black people, and with low levels of income and education. The individual determinant associated to the demand for the PCS units is related to the attributes of people from the lower socioeconomic classes, reflecting in the inequalities of health access.
RESUMEN
Estudio seccional que tuvo como objetivo analizarla influencia de los determinantes individuales en la utilización de servicios de salud en el acceso al diagnóstico de la tuberculosis. Se entrevistaron a101 pacientes en tratamiento, en la
ciudad de João Pessoa-PB-Brasil, de julio a octubre de 2009. Se planteó tres indicadores- predisposición, disponibilidad y necesidad-evaluados mediante un análisis bivariado con teste de asociación del chi-cuadrado. Se constató que 46,5% de los pacientes accedieron a los Servicios de Atención Básica (AB), 36,6% optaron por los servicios especializados, y que 16,8% buscaron el ambulatorio del Programa de Control de la Tuberculosis. En ambos los sexos, la demanda de los servicios de AB fue predominante, como también, entre los individuos de hasta 40 años y de más de 60 años, pardos y negros, bajo nivel de renta y escolaridad. El determinante individual asociado a la demanda de las Unidades de AB está relacionado con los atributos de los individuos que pertenecen a las clases económicas más desfavorecidas, lo que resulta en un acceso desiguala los servicios de salud.
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