Protocolo para a alta de bebê pré-termo: subsídios para a construção de uma proposta [A protocol for hospital discharge of premature babies: input to building a proposal]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2016.7505Keywords:
Enfermagem, prematuro, alta do paciente, educação em saúde.Abstract
Objetivo: analisar o desenvolvimento de um protocolo de alta para recém-nascidos prematuros, considerando a participação materna durante a hospitalização do bebê. Método: pesquisa descritiva e convergente assistencial, com seis mães cujos bebês ficaram internados nas unidades neonatais de um hospital escola de Maringá, em 2011. Os dados foram coletados mediante observação participante, registros em diários de campo da pesquisadora e entrevista com as mães, e submetidos à análise temática de conteúdo. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, Protocolo n° 296/2011. Resultados: apontaram oito grupamentos temáticos que devem ser contemplados durante o preparo para a alta, envolvendo cuidados de higiene do bebê, amamentação, evolução clínica e rotinas de assistência. Conclusão: a alternância de situações de aprendizagem individual e coletiva é extremamente benéfica, dependendo dos conteúdos e objetivos que se pretende alcançar com as intervenções, conforme programação direcionada a cada binômio.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to analyze the development of a discharge protocol for newborn premature babies, taking into account the mother’s participation during the baby’s hospital stay. Method: this descriptive, convergent-care study of six mothers with babies in neonatal units of a university hospital in Maringá, in 2011. Data were collected through participant observation, field recordings and interviews of mothers, and were submitted to thematic content analysis. The study was approved by the research ethics committee, Protocol No. 296/2011. Results: pointed to eight thematic areas – involving the baby’s hygiene, breast-feeding, clinical progress and care routines – which should be considered during preparation for discharge. Conclusion: it is extremely beneficial to alternate situations of individual and collective learning, depending on the content and proposed objectives of the interventions, to schedules designed for each pair involved.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: analizar el desarrollo de un protocolo de alta para recién nacidos prematuros, considerando la participación materna durante la hospitalización. Método: investigación descriptiva y convergente asistencial, con seis madres cuyos bebés se quedaron internados en las unidades neonatales de un hospital escuela de Maringá, en 2011. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante observación participante, registros en diarios de campo y entrevista con las madres, y sometidos al análisis temático de contenido. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de Investigación, Protocolo n°296/2011. Resultados: los resultados señalaron ocho agrupamientos temáticos que deben ser contemplados durante el preparo del alta, involucrando cuidados de higiene del bebé, lactancia, evolución clínica y rutinas de atención. Conclusión: la alternancia de situaciones de aprendizaje individual y colectivo es extremamente benéfica, dependiendo de los contenidos y objetivos que se pretende alcanzar con las intervenciones, conforme programación dirigida a cada binomio.
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