Representação social da qualidade de vida de pessoas com HIV residentes em municípios de pequeno porte [Social representation of quality of life among people with HIV residing in small towns] [Representación social de la calidad de vida de las personas con VIH residentes en pequeños municipios]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2022.67208Keywords:
Enfermagem, HIV, Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Práticas em Saúde, Qualidade de Vida, Representações Sociais.Abstract
Objetivo: compreender a representação social da qualidade de vida de pessoas que vivem com HIV/Aids residentes em municípios de pequeno porte do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Método: estudo descritivo, qualitativo, apoiado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, em sua abordagem estrutural. Participaram 80 pessoas vivendo com HIV. Os dados foram coletados por questionário e evocação livre de palavras. Resultado: a análise prototípica evidenciou que os conteúdos centrais da representação social são: boa alimentação, saúde e estado psicológico, expressando as dimensões corporal, processo saúde-doença e psicológica. A análise de similitude retratou que os elementos com maior conexão são boa alimentação, atividade física e lazer. Conclusão: o estudo permitiu compreender a representação social da qualidade de vida e, ainda, colocou em destaque as dimensões nas quais os participantes se apoiam na busca por esta qualidade. É relevante por propiciar a adequação de serviços de apoio interdisciplinares a esta clientela.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to understand social representations of quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS living in small towns in Rio de Janeiro State. Method: this qualitative, descriptive study of 80 people living with HIV was supported by the structural approach of Social Representations Theory. Data were collected by sociodemographic questionnaire and free word evocation. Result: prototype analysis showed that the core contents of the social representation were: good food, health, and psychological state, expressing the body, health-disease, and psychological process dimensions. Similarity analysis showed that the most strongly connected elements were good food, physical activity, and leisure. Conclusion: the study made it possible to understand participants’ social representations of quality of life and also highlighted the dimensions on which they relied in striving for that quality. It was important in fostering alignment by interdisciplinary support services for this clientele.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: comprender la representación social de la calidad de vida de personas que viven con el VIH/SIDA residentes en pequeñas ciudades del estado de Río de Janeiro. Método: estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, apoyado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, en su enfoque estructural. Participaron 80 personas que viven con el VIH. Se recogieron los datos a través de un cuestionario y de técnica de evocación libre de palabras. Resultado: el análisis prototípico mostró que los contenidos centrales de la representación social son: buena alimentación, salud y estado psicológico, expresando las dimensiones corporales, salud-enfermedad y psicológica. El análisis de similitud mostró que los elementos con mayor conexión son la buena alimentación, la actividad física y el ocio. Conclusión: el estudio permitió comprender la representación social de la calidad de vida y también destacó las dimensiones en las que se basan los participantes al buscar esta calidad. Es relevante para brindar la adecuación de los servicios de apoyo interdisciplinarios a esta clientela.
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