Necessidades e percepções de pacientes em ventilação mecânica: revisão integrativa [Needs and perceptions of patients on mechanical ventilation: an integrative review] [Necesidades y percepciones de los pacientes en ventilación mecánica: revisión integradora]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2022.67038Keywords:
Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, Respiração Artificial, Determinação de Necessidades de Cuidados de Saúde, Pacientes, Percepção.Abstract
Objetivo: identificar, a partir de publicações científicas, as necessidades e percepções de conforto apresentadas por pacientes em ventilação mecânica. Método: revisão integrativa com levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados Medline, LILACS, BDEnf e SciELO, entre 2011 e 2021, utilizando os descritores Patient, Perception, Needs Assessment, Artificial Respiration, Intensive Care Units. Foram incluídos artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, com os resumos disponíveis nas bases de dados selecionadas e disponíveis na íntegra sem custos. Para análise dos artigos, aplicou-se a ferramenta CASP adaptada. Resultados: foram identificados seis artigos com a temática abordada. Os achados mais relevantes envolveram relatos de percepções de ansiedade e necessidade de comunicação, dispneia e sensação de sufocamento relacionado à presença de via aérea artificial. Conclusão: observou-se que pacientes em ventilação mecânica demandam necessidades e percepções bem mais amplas do que as convencionadas no ambiente cotidiano da terapia intensiva.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to identify, from scientific publications, the needs and perceptions of patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation as regards comfort. Method: this integrative review searched the Medline, LILACS, BDEnf and SciELO databases for publications between 2011 and 2021, using the descriptors Patient, Perception, Needs Assessment, Artificial Respiration, and Intensive Care Units. Articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish with their abstracts recorded in the data bases selected were included if the full publications were available at no cost. An adapted version of the CASP tool was applied to analyze the articles. Results: six articles addressing the subject were identified. The most important findings involved reports of perceptions of anxiety and the need for communication, dyspnea and sensations of suffocation from the presence of the artificial airway. Conclusion: patients on mechanical ventilation were observed to voice much broader needs and perceptions than those considered standard in the day-to-day intensive care environment.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: identificar, a partir de publicaciones científicas, las necesidades y percepciones de comodidad presentadas por pacientes en ventilación mecánica. Método: revisión integradora con investigación bibliográfica en las bases de datos Medline, LILACS, BDEnf y SciELO, entre 2011 y 2021, utilizando los descriptores: Patient, Perception, Needs Assessment, Artificial Respiration, Intensive Care Units. Se incluyeron artículos en portugués, inglés y español, con resúmenes encontrados en bases de datos seleccionadas y disponibles en su totalidad sin costo alguno. Para el análisis de los artículos se aplicó la herramienta CASP adaptada. Resultados: se identificaron seis artículos con el tema abordado. Los hallazgos de mayor relevancia incluyeron los relatos de percepciones de ansiedad y necesidad de comunicación, disnea y sensación de ahogamiento relacionados a la presencia de vía aérea artificial. Conclusión: se observó que los pacientes en ventilación mecánica demandan necesidades y percepciones más amplias que las convencionales en el ambiente cotidiano de terapia intensiva.
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