(Re)Descobrindo a teoria fundamentada para a pesquisa em enfermagem: reflexões sobre a vertente relativista [(Re)discovering the grounded theory for research in nursing: reflections on the relativist strand] [(Re)Descubriendo la teoría fundamentada para la investigación en enfermería: reflexiones sobre la corriente relativista]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2022.67003Keywords:
Pesquisa em Enfermagem, Métodos, Teoria fundamentada, Pesquisa Qualitativa.Abstract
Objetivo: descrever e analisar criticamente a vertente relativista da Teoria fundamentada nos dados (TFD), incluindo uma abordagem de como utilizar este referencial metodológico nas pesquisas qualitativas em enfermagem. Conteúdo: estudo teórico reflexivo organizado em três tópicos. Primeiramente apresenta a evolução da TFD e o legado straussiano; na sequência as características metodológicas da vertente relativista e, por fim, as contribuições da TFD relativista para as pesquisas em enfermagem brasileira. Considerações finais: trata-se de um referencial apropriado para estudos na enfermagem, por possibilitar a geração de modelos explicativos, a partir da prática de enfermagem, e por fornecer subsídios para os profissionais de saúde refletirem sobre o seu fazer com vistas a otimizar a qualidade do cuidado.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to describe and critically analyze the relativistic aspect of Grounded Theory (GT), also addressing how to use this methodological framework in qualitative research in Nursing. Content: this reflective, theoretical study was organized into three topics: first, the evolution of GT and the legacy of Strauss; then, the methodological characteristics of the relativistic approach; and, finally, the contributions of relativist GT to Brazilian Nursing research. Final considerations: this framework is appropriate for nursing studies, as it makes it possible to generate explanatory models based on nursing in practice and provides input for health personnel to reflect on their own practice, in order to optimize the quality of care.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: describir y analizar críticamente el aspecto relativista de la Teoría fundamentada en los datos (TFD), incluyendo un enfoque sobre cómo utilizar ese marco metodológico en las investigaciones cualitativas en enfermería. Contenido: estudio teórico reflexivo organizado en tres temas. Primero, presenta la evolución de la TDF y el legado straussiano; luego, las características metodológicas de la corriente relativista y, finalmente, las contribuciones de la TDF relativista a las investigaciones en enfermería brasileña. Consideraciones finales: se trata de un marco apropiado para los estudios de enfermería, ya que permite la generación de modelos explicativos, basados en la práctica de enfermería, y que proporciona subsidios para que los profesionales de la salud reflexionen sobre su propia práctica, con el fin de optimizar la calidad del cuidado.
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