O brincar de crianças com doenças crônicas durante a pandemia na percepção da família [Families’ perceptions of how children with chronic diseases played during the pandemic] [El juego de los niños con enfermedades crónicas durante la pandemia en la percepción de la familia]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2022.66261Keywords:
Criança, Família, Doença Crônica, Jogos e Brinquedos, Pandemias.Abstract
Objetivo: compreender as vivências de familiares de crianças com doenças crônicas sobre o brincar durante a pandemia. Método: estudo qualitativo fundamentado nos pressupostos da Análise da Estrutura do Fenômeno Situado, com 14 familiares que convivem com crianças com doenças crônicas, hospitalizadas em um hospital universitário localizado em Campinas, São Paulo. Os discursos foram obtidos, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética, por meio de entrevista aberta, de julho a setembro de 2021 e analisados segundo o referencial de Martins e Bicudo. Resultados: emergiram três categorias, brincando em outro lugar - as mudanças espaciais; brincando com (sem) outras pessoas – as mudanças interacionais e brincando diferente - as mudanças comportamentais. Conclusão: as mudanças ocorreram por necessidade de confinamento nos domicílios, fechamento dos espaços públicos e obrigatoriedade do distanciamento social. Houve aumento maciço do uso das telas pelas crianças, sem controle do tempo de utilização.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to understand the experiences of relatives of children with chronic diseases as regards playing during the pandemic. Method: this qualitative study of 14 family members living with children with chronic diseases, admitted as inpatients to a university hospital in Campinas, São Paulo, drew on the assumptions of Situated Phenomenon Structure Analysis. After approval by the research ethics committee, open interviews were conducted from July to September 2021 and the resulting data were analyzed with Martins and Bicudo as the frame of reference. Results: three categories emerged: Playing somewhere else – spatial changes; Playing with (without) other people – interactional changes; and Playing differently – behavioral changes. Conclusion: the changes resulted from confinement at home, the closure of public places, and mandatory social distancing. Children’s screen use increased massively, with no control of use time.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: comprender las experiencias de familiares de niños con enfermedades crónicas sobre el juego durante la pandemia. Método: estudio cualitativo basado en los supuestos del Análisis Estructural del Fenómeno Situado, con 14 familiares que viven con niños con enfermedades crónicas, hospitalizados en un hospital universitario ubicado en Campinas, São Paulo. Las declaraciones fueron obtenidas, previa aprobación del Comité de Ética, a través de entrevista abierta, de julio a septiembre de 2021 y analizadas según la referencia de Martins y Bicudo. Resultados: surgieron tres categorías: Jugando en otra parte – los cambios espaciales; Jugar con (sin) otras personas - los cambios en la interacción y; Jugar de manera diferente - los cambios en el comportamiento. Conclusión: los cambios ocurrieron por la necesidad de confinamiento en los hogares, cierre de los espacios públicos y distanciamiento social obligatorio. Hubo un aumento masivo en el uso de pantallas por parte de los niños, sin control sobre el tiempo de uso.
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