Perfil e capacidade funcional de pessoas longevas: revisão integrativa [Profile and functional capacity of long-lived people: integrative review] [Perfil y capacidad funcional de personas longevas: revisión integradora]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2021.59737Keywords:
Idosos, Idoso de 80 anos ou mais, Longevidade, Atividades Cotidianas, Promoção da Saúde.Abstract
Objetivo: descrever o perfil e a capacidade funcional de pessoas longevas encontradas na literatura científica. Método: revisão integrativa realizada em março de 2021, nas bases de dados CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF, SCOPUS e WEB OF SCIENCE, incluindo estudos realizados com idosos de 80 anos ou mais, institucionalizados ou da comunidade, que utilizassem as escalas Barthel, Lawton e Brody ou Katz, sem delimitação de período ou idioma. A análise ocorreu de maneira descritiva. Resultados: selecionaram-se 16 artigos, a maioria publicada em 2020, no idioma inglês, desenvolvidos por médicos e em países europeus. Predominaram longevos da comunidade, do sexo feminino e com comorbidades. A escala de Katz foi a mais utilizada para avaliar a capacidade funcional dos longevos e estes possuíam algum grau de dependência nas atividades diárias e instrumentais. Conclusão: os longevos são, em sua maioria, da comunidade, mulheres, com comorbidades, principalmente hipertensão arterial, e apresentam maior grau de dependência nas atividades instrumentais.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to describe the profile and functional capacity of long-lived persons found in the scientific literature. Method: this integrative review was carried out in March 2021 in the CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF, SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE databases, including studies conducted with people aged 80 years or more, institutionalized or in the community, using the Barthel, Lawton & Brody or Katz scales, with no time or language limits. The analysis was descriptive. Results: 16 articles were selected, most of them published in 2020, in English, by doctors, and in European countries. The long-lived persons were predominantly in the community, female and had comorbidities. The Katz scale was the most used to assess functional capacity in the long-lived persons, who displayed some degree of dependence in daily and instrumental activities. Conclusion: the long-lived persons were mostly in the community, women, with comorbidities, especially arterial hypertension, and were more dependent in instrumental activities.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: describir el perfil y capacidad funcional de personas longevas que se encuentran en la literatura científica. Métodos: revisión integradora realizada en marzo de 2021, en las bases de datos CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF, SCOPUS y WEB OF SCIENCE, incluyendo estudios realizados junto a personas mayores de 80 años internados o en la comunidad, utilizando las escalas Barthel, Lawton y Brody o Katz, sin límites de tiempo ni de idioma. El análisis se realizó de forma descriptiva. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 16 artículos, la mayoría publicados en 2020, en inglés, desarrollados por médicos y en países europeos. Predominaron longevos de la comunidad, del sexo femenino y con comorbilidades. La escala de Katz fue la más utilizada para evaluar la capacidad funcional de esos longevos y se vio que estos tenían cierto grado de dependencia en las actividades cotidianas e instrumentales. Conclusión: los longevos son, en su mayoría, de la comunidad, mujeres, con comorbilidades, especialmente hipertensión arterial y tienen un mayor grado de dependencia en las actividades instrumentales.
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