Assistência de enfermagem no pré-natal e evitabilidade de óbitos neonatais [Antenatal nursing care and avoidable neonatal mortality] [Cuidados de enfermería en el prenatal y evitación de óbitos neonatales]
Keywords:
Mortalidade neonatal, prevenção, assistência pré-natal, enfermagem [Neonatal mortality, prevention, antenatal care, nursing [Mortalidad neonatal, prevención, atención prenatal, enfermería]Abstract
A mortalidade neonatal expressa complexa conjunção de fatores biológicos, socioeconômicos e assistenciais. Trata-se de estudo epidemiológico, descritivo e retrospectivo que objetivou discutir as causas de óbitos neonatais reduzíveis por adequada atenção à mulher na gestação, em Natal, no Rio Grande do Norte, no período de 2008 a 2010, relacionando-as à assistência de enfermagem prestada durante o pré-natal. Os dados foram extraídos do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade, fornecidos pela Secretaria de Saúde do referido Estado. Do total de 344 óbitos neonatais 78(22,6%) foram classificados como reduzíveis por adequada atenção à mulher na gestação. Os dados apontam uma progressiva queda nos anos estudados. Recomenda-se a parceria dos enfermeiros com as mulheres e suas famílias durante o ciclo gravídico a fim de reduzir ainda mais os índices de mortalidade neonatal.
ABSTRACT
Neonatal mortality expresses a complex combination of biological, socioeconomic and health care factors. This retrospective, descriptive epidemiological study discusses causes of neonatal deaths considered avoidable by proper health care for women during pregnancy in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte State, from 2008 to 2010, and relates them to antenatal nursing care. Data were extracted from the Mortality Information System, provided by the state health department. Of the total of 344 neonatal deaths, 78(22.6%) were classified as avoidable by proper health care for women during pregnancy. The data show a steady decline in neonatal mortality in the years studied. It is recommended that nurses partner with women and their families during pregnancy in order to reduce ra tes of neonatal mortality still further.
RESUMEN
La mortalidad neonatal expresa compleja combinación de factores biológicos, socioeconómicos y de salud. Este es un estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo y retrospectivo que analiza las causas de las muertes neonatales que podrían evitarse prestando la debida atención a las mujeres durante el embarazo, en Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-Brasil, en el período 2008 a 2010, en relación a los cuidados de enfermería durante el período prenatal. Los datos fueron extraídos del Sistema de Informaciones sobre Mortalidad, proporcionados por la Secretaría de Salud Del Estado. Del total de 344 muertes neonatales, 78 (22,6%) se clasificaron como evitables mediante una atención adecuada a las mujeres durante el embarazo. Los datos muestran una disminución progresiva en los años estudiados. Se recomienda la aparcería de los enfermeros con las mujeres y sus familias durante el embarazo con el fin de reducir aún más las tasas de mortalidad neonatal.Downloads
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