Caracterização dos pacientes portadores de insuficiência renal atendidos na emergência de um hospital geral [Characterization of patients with renal failure treated at a general hospital emergency department]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.5095Keywords:
Enfermagem, nefrologia, emergência, insuficiência renal [Nursing, nephrology, emergency, acute renal failure] [Enfermería, nefrología, urgencias, insuficiencia renal]Abstract
As unidades de saúde que prestam atendimento de emergência devem estar preparadas para o atendimento a pacientes em insuficiência renal aguda, visto que o diagnóstico, escolha do método dialítico, preparo do paciente e acesso venoso adequado precoces são decisivos. Objetivou-se caracterizar os pacientes atendidos em uma emergência geral com insuficiência renal aguda. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa, de dados de 78 prontuários de pacientes atendidos em julho e agosto de 2012, na emergência do Hospital Otávio de Freitas, Recife, Pernambuco. As queixas que motivam os pacientes a procurarem a emergência podem ser diversas e inespecíficas em relação à patologia renal, mas a investigação após a admissão finda por indicar o grau de lesão e indicar a necessidade de tratamento dialítico. Um grupo significativo chega aos serviços de emergência já com perda da função renal ou em estágio terminal de doença e necessidade de transplante renal.
ABSTRACT
Health facilities that provide emergency care must be prepared to handle patients in acute renal failure, since early diagnosis, choice of dialysis method, patient preparation and suitable venous access are crucial. This study characterized patients with acute renal failure treated at an general hospital emergency department. This retrospective, quantitative, descriptive study examined data from the medical records of 78 patients treated in July and August 2012 at the Emergency Unit of Otávio de Freitas Hospital, Recife, Pernambuco State. The complaints that bring patients to emergency services can be diverse and unspecific as regards renal pathology, but the post-admission investigation ends by indicating the degree of injury and need for dialysis. A significant number arrive at emergency services already with loss of renal function or end-stage disease, and needing a kidney transplant.
RESUMEN
Los centros de salud que brindan atención de urgencia deben estar preparados para atender a los pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda, ya que el diagnóstico, la elección del método dialítico, la preparación del paciente y el acceso venoso adecuado tempranos son cruciales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar a los pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda atendidos en el servicio de urgencias de un hospital general. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, con enfoque retrospectivo, de abordaje cuantitativo, cuyos datos fueron recolectados de las historias clínicas de 78 pacientes atendidos en julio y agosto de 2012, en el servicio de urgencias del Hospital Otávio de Freitas, en Recife, Pernambuco. Las quejas que motivan a los pacientes a buscar los servicios de urgencia pueden ser diversas e inespecíficas en relación con la patología renal, pero la investigación tras la admisión indica el grado de lesión y muestra la necesidad de diálisis. Un grupo significativo ya llega a los servicios de emergencia con pérdida de la función renal o en una fase terminal de la enfermedad y necesita un trasplante de riñón.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.5095
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