Compreensão fenomenológica de enfermeiros intensivistas à luz do pensamento humanístico de Paterson e Zderad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.3318Keywords:
Enfermagem, unidade de terapia Intensiva, humanização da assistência, teoria de enfermagem [nursing, intensive care unit, humanization of care, nursing theory]Abstract
O estudo objetivou compreender a percepção de enfermeiros acerca do processo de cuidar de pacientes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva qualitativa, de abordagem fenomenológica, fundamentada na Teoria Humanística de Paterson e Zderad, realizada no hospital universitário, em Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, no período de janeiro/fevereiro de 2009. O grupo pesquisado consta de sete enfermeiros, tendo a entrevista semiestruturada como instrumento de coleta de dados e a análise delineada segundo Bardin. Na análise, evidenciaram-se as seguintes categorias: O tempo e o espaço no cotidiano da enfermagem; O encontro existencial entre enfermeiro e paciente; O cuidado dialógico na relação terapêutica; A transação intersubjetiva diante do sofrimento; e O vir-a-ser na relação profissional/família. Este estudo revelou que a enfermagem mantém como foco o cuidar e considera as relações intersubjetivas como elo entre enfermeiro/paciente/família nesse contexto.
ABSTRACT
This qualitative, descriptive study to understand nurses’ perceptions of the process of caring for patients in an intensive care unit was conducted at the university hospital in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, from January to February 2009. The phenomenological approach was based on the Humanistic Theory of Paterson and Zderad. The study group comprised seven nurses, from whom data was collected by semi-structured interview. Data analysis, following Bardin, revealed the categories: time and space in day-to-day nursing; the existential encounter between nurse and patient; dialogical care in the therapeutic relationship; intersubjective transaction regarding suffering; and coming-to-be in the relationship between professional and family. The study revealed that nursing remains care-focused and considers inter-subjective relations as linking nurse, patient and family in this context.
RESUMEN
El estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la percepción de enfermeros sobre el proceso de cuidar a los pacientes internados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva cualitativa, con abordaje fenomenológico, basada en la Teoría Humanística de Paterson y Zderad, realizada en el hospital universitario de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, entre enero / febrero de 2009. El grupo investigado era compuesto por siete enfermeros; la entrevista semiestructurada ha constituido la herramienta de recolección de datos y el análisis fue delineado según Bardin. En el análisis surgieron las categorías: el tiempo y el espacio en el cotidiano de la enfermería; el encuentro existencial entre enfermero y paciente; el cuidado dialógico en la relación terapéutica; la transacción intersubjetiva ante el sufrimiento; y el venir-a-ser en la relación profesional / familia. Este estudio reveló que la enfermería mantiene el foco en el cuidado y considera las relaciones intersubjetivas como un eslabón entre enfermero / paciente / familia en este contexto.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.3318
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