A detecção precoce do câncer de mama no contexto brasileiro [Early detection of breast cancer in the Brazilian context] [La detección temprana del cáncer de mama en el contexto brasileño]
Keywords:
Cuidados de enfermagem, atenção primária à saúde, diagnóstico precoce, câncer de mama [Nursing care, primary health care, early diagnosis, breast neoplasm] [Cuidado de enfermería, atención primaria a la salud, diagnóstico precoz, neoplasias de la mama]Abstract
Os objetivos deste estudo são identificar concepções de detecção e diagnóstico precoce de câncer de mama presente na literatura científica e discutir a concepção que fundamenta a prática profissional no contexto brasileiro. Trata-se de uma revisão realizada na base de dados da Medline e LILACS. Foram analisados 39 artigos publicados entre 1999 e 2011. O estudo desenvolvido permitiu identificar que as concepções de detecção precoce de câncer de mama e diagnóstico precoce são distintas. No contexto brasileiro predomina como fundamento da prática profissional, incluindo a do enfermeiro, a concepção de detecção precoce do câncer de mama. Sugere-se que cada profissional de saúde assuma na sua prática assistencial a responsabilidade de participar na detecção precoce de anormalidades na mama como recurso equitativo da saúde como direito.
ABSTRACT: This study aims both at identifying conceptions of early detection and early diagnosis of breast cancer present in the scientific literature and at discussing the main concepts at the basis of professional practice in the Brazilian context. It is a literature review held on Medline and LILACS database. Thirty-nine articles published from 1999 to 2011 were analyzed. The study showed that the concepts of early detection of breast cancer and early diagnosis are different ones. In the Brazilian context, the concept of early detection of breast cancer provides the prevailing grounds of professional practice, including that of the nurse. Suggestions are made that health professionals should take on responsibility in their caring practice to engage in early detection of breast abnormalities as a fair resource to health as a social right.
RESUMEN: Los objetivos de este estudio son identificar concepciones de detección y diagnóstico precoz de cáncer de mama presente en la literatura científica y discutir el concepto que fundamenta la práctica profesional en el contexto brasileño. Es una revisión realizada en las bases de datos Medline y LILACS. Se analizaron 39 artículos publicados entre 1999 y 2011. El estudio permitió identificar que los conceptos de detección precoz de cáncer de mama y diagnóstico precoz son distintos. En el contexto brasileño predomina como fundamento de la práctica profesional, incluida la enfermería, el concepto de detección precoz del cáncer de mama. Se sugiere que cada profesional de salud asuma en su práctica asistencial la responsabilidad de participar en la detección temprana de anomalías en la mama como recurso equitativo de la salud como derecho.
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