Representações sociais do aleitamento materno para mães-adolescentes-nutrizes [Social representations of breastfeeding among teenage nursing mothers]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.11513Keywords:
Aleitamento materno, adolescentes, enfermagem, nutrizes [Breastfeeding, teenagers, nursing, social representations, nursing mothers] [Lactancia materna, enfermería, madres lactantes]Abstract
Este estudo objetivou averiguar o que representa o aleitamento materno para as mães-adolescentes-nutrizes e identificar seus sentimentos expressos ao amamentar. Estudo qualitativo fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais. Realizado em um hospital público, em cidade do interior da Bahia, com 12 mães-adolescentes-nutrizes. Os dados foram coletados por meio da entrevista semiestruturada e analisados conforme a técnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Os resultados apontaram que as representações sociais sobre aleitamento materno, para as mães-adolescentes-nutrizes, têm como influência os significados de tal prática disseminados nos conteúdos culturais passados de geração em geração, da mídia e de suas experiências pessoais, direcionando suas condutas diante da amamentação de seus filhos. Desse modo, torna-se necessário que a equipe de saúde reflita sobre as representações sociais que as mães-adolescentes-nutrizes atribuem ao aleitamento materno para que possam desenvolver ações cuidativas e educativas para promoção, proteção e apoio à amamentação.
ABSTRACT
This qualitative study to investigate what breastfeeding represents to nursing teenage mothers, and to identify the feelings they expressed while breastfeeding, was based on the Theory of Social Representations. It was conducted with 12 nursing teenage mothers at a public hospital in Bahia State. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using qualitative analysis technique. The results showed that the teenage mothers’ social representations of breastfeeding are influenced by the meanings given to this practice that are widespread in cultural content passed on from generation to generation, in the media and in their personal experiences, and which direct their conduct in breastfeeding their children. Accordingly, health teams should reflect on the social representations that nursing teenage mothers attribute to breastfeeding, so as to develop care and educational activities to promote, protect and support breastfeeding.
RESUMEN
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar qué representa la lactancia materna para las madres-adolescentes-lactantes e identificar sus sentimientos expresados al amamantar. Estudio cualitativo basado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. Se llevó a cabo en un hospital público en una ciudad del interior de Bahía con 12 madres-adolescentes- lactantes. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y analizados de acuerdo con la técnica de análisis de contenido temático. Los resultados mostraron que las representaciones sociales sobre la lactancia materna para las madres-adolescentes- lactantes tienen como influencia los significados de esta práctica diseminados en los contenidos culturales transmitidos de generación a generación, de los medios de comunicación y de sus experiencias personales, dirigiendo sus conductas ante la lactancia de sus hijos. Por lo tanto, se hace necesario que el equipo de salud reflexione sobre las representaciones sociales que las madresadolescentes-lactantes atribuyen a la lactancia materna para que puedan desarrollar acciones de cuidados y educativas para promover, proteger y apoyar la lactancia materna.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.11513
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