Crenças e práticas de saúde no cotidiano de usuários da rede básica de saúde [Everyday health-related beliefs and practices among primary health care users] [Creencias y prácticas de salud en el cotidiano de usuarios de la red básica de salud]
Keywords:
Processo saúde-doença, cura pela fé, religião, conhecimentos, atitudes e prática em saúde. Keywords, Health-disease process, faith healing, religion, knowledge, attitudes and practices in health.Abstract
RESUMO: Trata-se de um estudo de caso qualitativo fundamentado na Sociologia Compreensiva do Cotidiano, como objetivo de compreender as influências culturais sobre os significados e as práticas de saúde-doença para usuários da rede básica de saúde e como estabelecem suas relações com os serviços em municípios de pequeno porte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Participaram 13 clientes e a coleta de dados foi realizada em Julho/2010, por meio de entrevista individual a partir de um roteiro semiestruturado. Os dados foram organizados em quatro categorias. Os resultados mostram que as práticas de cuidado desenvolvidas são influenciadas pelas crenças. Nota-se que a fé emerge como status de recurso terapêutico. As concepções de saúde e doença são associadas à capacidade de realização das atividades da vida diária e aos aspectos funcionais do corpo. Conclui-se, portanto, que é necessária uma reflexão acerca desses significados para os sujeitos frente às verdades instituídas na prática profissional em saúde.
ABSTRACT: This qualitative case study based on the Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life aimed to understand cultural influences on health-related meanings and practices among users of the primary health care system and how those users establish relations with care services in small towns in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data was collected by individual semi-structured interview of thirteen clients in July, 2010, and organized into four categories. The results show that care practices are influenced by beliefs. Faith was seen to emerge as a therapeutic resource. Users’ conceptions of health and disease are associated with their ability to perform daily activities and with body functionality. Accordingly, it was concluded that it is necessary to think about people’s established conceptions as they interact with the instituted truths of professional healthpractices.
RESUMEN: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo basado en la Sociología Comprensiva de la Vida Cotidiana, con el fin de comprender las influencias culturales sobre los significados y las prácticas de los usuarios de la red básica de salud y la forma de establecer relaciones con los servicios en ciudades pequeñas de Minas Gerais – Brasil. Participaron 13 clientes y la recolección de datos fue a través de entrevistas individuales por una guía semiestructurada, en Julio de 2010. Los datos fueron organizados en cuatro categorías. Los resultados muestran que las prácticas de atención desarrolladas son influenciadas por las creencias. Se nota que el estado de la fe surge como un recurso terapéutico. Los entrevistados asocian los conceptos de salud y enfermedad a la capacidad de realizar actividades de la vida diaria y a los aspectos funcionales del cuerpo. Por lo tanto, es necesaria una reflexión sobre los significados para las personas, frente a las verdades establecidas en la práctica profesional en salud.
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