Formação e inserção profissional das egressas do curso de residência em enfermagem obstétrica [Formation and professional insertion of obstetrical nursing residency graduates]
Keywords:
Enfermagem obstétrica, prática profissional, educação em enfermagem, internato e residência. Keywords, Obstetrical nursing, professional practice, nursing education, internship and residency.Abstract
RESUMO: Pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem quantitativa, que objetivou descrever a avaliação da formação e inserção profissional das egressas do Curso de Residência em Enfermagem Obstétrica da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram 19 enfermeiras egressas, do período de 2004 a 2011, que responderam o questionário estruturado. As expectativas prévias das enfermeiras foram totalmente atendidas pelo curso (84,2%), mas a formação requer aprimoramentos nos conteúdos teóricos e na supervisão direta da preceptoria. A maioria das egressas possui dois vínculos empregatícios (78,9%) e atua na área obstétrica (73,7%), com predominância na assistência ao parto normal (36,8%), ao pré-natal (26,3%) e às emergências obstétricas (26,3%). Em relação à prática profissional, 42,2% consideraram exercer a profissão com autonomia. No entanto, ainda persistem barreiras profissionais no sistema de saúde, como o mercado de trabalho restrito, resistência dos médicos, pouco reconhecimento profissional e precárias condições de trabalho.
ABSTRACT: This quantitative descriptive study aimed to describe the training and vocational placement of graduates from the obstetrical nursing residency program at Rio de Janeiro State University. Nineteen graduate nurses answered a structured questionnaire. The nurses’ prior expectations were fully met by the course (84.2%), although requiring improvements in theoretical content and direct tutorial supervision. Most of the nurses had two jobs (78.9%) and worked in obstetrics (73.7%), predominantly in normal child birth care (36.8%), antenatal care (26.3%) and obstetric emergencies (26.3%). As regards exercising their profession, 42.2% have considered working independently. However, barriers to the profession persist in the health system, such as there stricted employment market, resistance from physicians, lack of professional status, and poor working conditions.
RESUMEN: Investigación descriptiva, de abordaje cuantitativo, que objetivó describir la evaluación de la formación y inserción profesional de las egresadas del Curso de Residencia en Enfermería Obstétrica de la Universidad del Estado de Río de Janeiro-Brasil. Fueron 19 enfermeras egresadas, del período de 2004 a 2011, que respondieron el cuestionario estructurado. Las expectativas previas de las enfermeras fueron totalmente cumplidas por el curso (84,2%), pero la formación requiere mejoras en los contenidos teóricos y en la supervisión directa de las preceptoras. La mayoría de las enfermeras tiene dos contratos de trabajo (78,9%) y actúa en el área de obstetricia (73,7%), sobre todo en la asistencia al parto normal (36,8%), al prenatal (26,3%) y a las emergencias obstétricas (26,3%). En relación a la práctica profesional, 42,2% consideraron que ejercen la profesión con autonomía. Sin embargo, aun existen barreras profesionales en el sistema de salud, como el mercado de trabajo restricto, resistencia de los médicos, poco reconocimiento profesional y precarias condiciones de trabajo.
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