Análise do conceito comportamento de prevenção no contexto de doença crônica [Concept analysis of behavior prevention in the context of chronic disease]
Keywords:
Formação de conceito, comportamento, prevenção e controle, acidente vascular cerebral. Keywords, Concept formation, behavior, prevention & control, stroke. Palabras clave, Formación de concepto, conducta, prevención y control, accidente cerebrovascular.Abstract
A análise de conceito configura-se importante no intuito de melhorar a compreensão de determinado fenômeno, em auxílio à prática profissional. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o conceito comportamento de prevenção no contexto de doença crônica com base no modelo preconizado por Walker e Avant, em 2005. Realizou-se, em 2011, uma revisão integrativa em bases de dados usando-se combinações de descritores. Selecionaram-se artigos disponíveis eletronicamente e que respondessem às perguntas elaboradas. Assim, 146 resumos foram lidos e 25 publicações selecionadas. Identificaram-se elementos do fenômeno, como atributos: habilidade, conhecimento e atitude; antecedentes: ocorrência de doença, identificação de fatores de risco, tomada de decisão e rede de apoio; e consequentes: autogestão do indivíduo, domínio de habilidades, adaptação e melhoria na qualidade de vida. Por conseguinte, foi possível elaborar um conceito mais completo do fenômeno comportamento de prevenção que, por sua vez, poderá auxiliar o profissional envolvido com ações preventivas.
ABSTRACT: Concept analysis proves important to improving the understanding of a given phenomenon and to supporting professional practice. This study aimed at analyzing the concept of prevention behavior in the context of chronic disease on the basis of the model referred by Walker and Avant in 2005. In 2011 an integrative review on databases was performed with combinations of descriptors. Online articles addressing the questions made were selected. Thereby, 146 abstracts were read and 25 publications were selected. Elements of the phenomenon were identified as attributes: skill, knowledge, and attitude; antecedents: disease occurrence, identification of risk factors, decision making, and support network; and consequences: individual self-management, mastery of skills, adaptation, and improvement in quality of life. As a result, it was possible to formulate a wider concept of behavior prevention, which, on its turn, can help the health professional in preventive action.
RESUMEN: El análisis de concepto és importante para mejorar la comprensión de fenómenos específicos a la práctica profesional. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el concepto comportamiento de prevención en el contexto de enfermedad crónica por el modelo recomendado por Walker y Avant, en 2005. En 2011 se realizó una revisión integrativa en bases de datos utilizando combinaciones de descriptores. Fueron seleccionados artículos disponibles y que respondiesen a las preguntas elaboradas. Así, 146 resúmenes fueron leídos y 25 publicaciones seleccionadas. Los elementos del fenómeno identificados fueron atributos: habilidad, concocimiento y actitud; antecedentes: ocurencia de enfermedad, identificación de factores de riesgo, tomada de decisión y redes de apoyo; y consecuentes: autogestión del individuo, dominio de habilidades, adaptación y mejora de la calidad de vida. Así, fue possible elaborar un concepto más completo del fenómeno comportamiento de prevención que así, podrá ayudar el profesional que participa de acciones preventivas de salud.
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