Grupo de promoção da saúde para portadores do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana [Group health promotion for patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus]
Keywords:
Enfermagem, grupos de autoajuda, HIV, promoção da saúde [Nursing, self-help groups, health promotion] [Enfermería, grupos de autoayuda, VIH, promoción de la salud]Abstract
Objetivou-se apreender temas elaborados por portadores do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV), atendidos em grupo de autoajuda, focalizando a promoção da saúde. Pesquisa descritiva, de caráter qualitativo, desenvolvida no Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, em Fortaleza-Ceará, entre fevereiro e outubro de 2010. Constituíram-se como fontes de dados os formulários das atividades grupais com 53 portadores do HIV. As falas foram analisadas conforme a análise de conteúdo. Foram elaboradas quatro categorias: Descoberta da soropositividade; Estigma e preconceito; Mudança de comportamento; e Dificuldades financeiras. Os sentimentos da descoberta, as situações de preconceito e as modificações impostas pela doença, decorrentes do acompanhamento da infecção, retratam o cenário de sofrimento enfrentado por esses pacientes. Em contrapartida, ocorrem mudanças no comportamento em busca de melhorar a saúde e prevenir agravos. Conclui-se que as ações de promoção da saúde incentivadas no grupo em serviço especializado proporcionam esclarecimentos e estimulam os clientes a viverem de forma mais saudável.
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to grasp subjects developed in a self-help group focusing on health promotion by patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Descriptive and qualitative study, was made at University Hospital Walter Cantídio in Fortaleza-Ceará, between February and October 2010. Constituted as data sources report of group activities on 53 patients with HIV. The speeches were analyzed according to content analysis. Were prepared four categories: Discovery of HIV status; Stigma and prejudice; Change behavior; and Financial difficulties. The feelings of discovery, the situations of prejudice and the changes imposed by the disease, as a result of monitoring of infection, portray the scene of suffering that these patients face. On the other hand, there are changes in behavior in search of improve health and prevent injuries. In conclusion, the actions of health promotion encouraged in the group provide clarifications and encourage clients to live more healthily.
RESUMEN
El objetivo fue aprehender los temas desarrollados por las personas con Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humano (VIH), atendidos en grupos de autoayuda, enfocando la promoción de la salud. Estudio descriptivo, de carácter cualitativo, desarrollado en el Hospital Universitario Walter Cantidio en Fortaleza-Ceará-Brasil, entre febrero y octubre de 2010. Fueron fuentes de datos los fornularios de las actividades grupales con 53 portadores del VIH. Los discursos fueron analizados de acuerdo con el análisis de contenido. Se establecieron cuatro categorías: Descubrimiento de estado serológico al VIH; Estigma y prejuicio; Cambio de comportamiento; y Dificultades financieras. Las sensaciones de descubrimiento, las situaciones de prejuicio y de los cambios impuestos por la enfermedad, derivadas de la vigilancia de la infección, representan la escena de sufrimiento que enfrentan eses pacientes. Por otro lado, hay cambios en el comportamiento en la búsqueda por mejorar La salud y prevenir lesiones. Así, las acciones de promoción de la salud recomendadas en el grupo en servicio especializado proporcionan clarificaciones y incentivan los clientes a vivir más saludablemente.
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