Notificação de violência contra crianças e adolescentes: atuação de enfermeiros de unidades básicas [Reporting of violence against children and adolescents: action of nurses in basic health units]
Keywords:
Criança, adolescente, violência, enfermagem. Keywords, Children, adolescent, violence, nursing. Palabras clave, Niño, violencia, enfermería.Abstract
Objetivou-se conhecer a atuação de enfermeiros de unidades básicas de saúde da família na notificação dos casos de violência contra crianças e adolescentes. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado no segundo semestre de 2010, em um município do sul do Brasil, com seis enfermeiros. Os dados foram coletados por entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Evidenciou-se que os enfermeiros notificam os casos de violência ao Conselho Tutelar. Apontaram como dificuldades para notificar a falta de conhecimentos e de informações da família e a inoperância do Conselho Tutelar. Atuam na prevenção em consultas, visitas domiciliares, atividades grupais, parcerias com as escolas e professores e em eventos festivos. Concluiu-se ser importante a atuação do enfermeiro frente à notificação dos casos de violência contra crianças e adolescentes, auxiliando na sua desnaturalização e desconstrução social.
ABSTRACT: This research aimed at assessing the reporting job of nurses at family health basic units in cases of violence against children and adolescents. This descriptive, exploratory study with qualitative approach was developed in the second semester of 2010, in a southern city in Brazil, with six nurses. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and was treated on the basis of content analysis technique. It was evinced that nurses report on cases of violence to the Guardian Council. Nurses pointed out their lack of acquaintance with the family, their lack of information about the family, and the ineffectiveness of the Guardian Council as primary hindrances to reporting. Nurses work on prevention appointments, home visits, group activities, partnerships with schools and teachers, and at party events. Conclusions show the relevance of the nurse’s work concerning the reporting of cases of violence against children and adolescents, in favor of social denaturalization and undoing of that practice.
RESUMEN: Se objetivó conocer la actuación de enfermeros de unidades básicas de salud de la familia en la notificación de los casos de violencia contra niños y adolescentes. Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, con enfoque cualitativo, realizado en el segundo semestre de 2010, en un municipio del sur de Brasil, con seis enfermeros. Los datos fueron recolectados por entrevistas semiestructuradas y analizados por el análisis de contenido. Se evidenció que los enfermeros notifican los casos de violencia al Consejo Tutelar. Apuntaron como dificultades para notificar la falta de conocimientos y de informaciones de la familia y la inoperancia del Consejo Tutelar. Actúan en la prevención en consultas, visitas domiciliarias, actividades grupales, asociaciones con escuelas y profesores y en eventos festivos. Se concluye, como punto relevante, la actuación del enfermero frente a la notificación de los casos de violencia contra niños y adolescentes, auxiliando en la desnaturalización y la descomposición social.
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