Avaliação da prevalência de infecções genitais em gestantes atendidas em consulta de enfermagem ginecológica [Evaluation of the prevalence of genital infections in pregnant women undergoing nursing consultation in gynecology]
Keywords:
Esfregaço vaginal, enfermagem, gestantes, doenças sexualmente transmissíveis [Vaginal smears, nursing, pregnant women, sexually transmitted diseases] [Frotis vaginal, enfermería, mujeres embarazadas, enfermedades de transmisión sexual]Abstract
O estudo teve como objetivo descrever as taxas de prevalência e o perfil clínico para infecções genitais em gestantes atendidas em Fortaleza-CE. Estudo transversal realizado com 60 gestantes, no Centro de Parto Natural Lígia Barros, entre janeiro e abril de 2011. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista e exame ginecológico. A análise estatística utilizada foi o teste de Pearson (x²) e as associações foram consideradas significantes quando p<0,05. As infecções cérvicovaginais e agentes etiológicos mais prevalentes foram a vaginose bacteriana (33,3%) e a Gardnerella (20,0%). Não houve associação entre as variáveis comportamento de risco com infecção genital. As infecções genitais foram associadas ao muco cervical anormal (p<0,05), teste das aminas (p<0,05) e pH anormal (p=0,01). Conclui-se que houve elevada prevalência de agentes patogênicos nas pacientes, confirmando a importância do acompanhamento pré-natal das gestantes para o diagnóstico e tratamento adequado dessas infecções.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical profile of genital infections in pregnant women in Fortaleza-CE. Transversal study with 60 pregnant women at Center for Natural Childbirth Ligia Barros between January and April 2011. The data were collected through interviews and gynecological examination. For statistical analysis, we used the Pearson test (x²) and associations were considered significant when p<0,05. The cervicovaginal infections and etiological agents were the most prevalent bacterial vaginosis (33,3%) and Gardnerella (20,0%). There wasn’t any association between the behavioral risk and genital infection. Genital infections were associated with abnormal cervical mucus (p <0,05), test of the amines (p<0,05) and abnormal pH (p= 0,01). It is concluded that there was a high prevalence of pathogens in patients, confirming the importance of prenatal care of pregnant women for diagnosis and treatment of these infections.
RESUMEN
El estudio tuvo como objetivo describir las tasas de prevalencia y el perfil clínico de las infecciones genitales en embarazadas atendidas en Fortaleza-CE-Brasil. Estudio transversal realizado en 60 mujeres embarazadas en el Centro de Parto Natural Lígia Barros, entre enero y abril de 2011. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevista y examen ginecológico. El análisis estadístico utilizado fue la prueba de Pearson (x²) y las asociaciones fueron consideradas significativas cuando p <0,05. Las infecciones cérvico-vaginales y los agentes etiológicos más prevalentes fueron la vaginosis bacteriana (33,3%) y la Gardnerella (20,0%). No hubo asociación entre las variables comportamiento de riesgo con infección genital. Las infecciones genitales se asociaron con el moco cervical anormal (p <0,05), prueba de las aminas (p <0,05) y pH anormal (p = 0,01). Se concluye que existe una alta prevalencia de patógenos en los pacientes, lo que confirma la importancia del cuidado prenatal de las embarazadas para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de esas infecciones.
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