Idosos octogenários nos contextos urbano e rural: comparação socioeconômica, morbidades e qualidade de vida [Octogenarians in rural and urban settings: socioeconomic comparison, morbidities and quality of life]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.5961Keywords:
Idoso de 80 anos ou mais, população urbana, população rural, saúde do idoso [Elderly, 80 and over, urban population, rural population, health of the elderly] [Anciano de 80 años o más, población urbana, población rural, salud del anciano]Abstract
Estudo transversal, observacional e analítico que objetivou comparar as variáveis socioeconômicas, morbidades autorreferidas e qualidade de vida de 326 octogenários da zona urbana e 74 da rural, residentes em Uberaba. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 2008 e 2010, utilizando-se os instrumentos: BOMFAQ, WHOQOL-BREF e WHOQOL-OLD. Aplicou-se análise descritiva, testes qui-quadrado e t-Student e regressões logística e linear múltipla (p<0,05). Predominaram mulheres octogenárias na zona urbana e homens na zona rural. O estado conjugal e a escolaridade permaneceram associados ao local de moradia. Os octogenários da zona urbana apresentaram piores condições de saúde e escores inferiores nos domínio físico e relações sociais e nas facetas autonomia e atividades passadas, presentes e futuras; enquanto os da zona rural obtiveram escores inferiores no domínio meio ambiente e na faceta funcionamento dos sentidos. Esses resultados podem subsidiar ações de saúde específicas à essa clientela, considerando as peculiaridades do ambiente em que vivem.
ABSTRACT
This cross-sectional, observational, analytical study compared socioeconomic variables, self-reported morbidity and quality of life of octogenarians resident in Uberaba, 326 in the urban and 74 in the rural area. Data was collected in 2008 and 2010, using BOMFAQ, WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD. Descriptive analysis, chi-square and Student t-tests, and multiple linear and logistic regressions (p<0.05) were applied. Octogenarians were predominantly women in urban areas and men in rural areas. Marital status and education were associated with place of residence. Octogenarians in the urban area had poorer health and scored lower in the physical and social relations domains and in the autonomy and past, present and future activities facets, while rural octogenarians scored lower in the environment domain and sensorial functioning facet. These results may support specific health measures for this population, considering the peculiarities of the environment they live in.
RESUMEN
Estudio transversal, observacional y analítico que tiene como objetivo comparar las variables socioeconómicas, morbilidades autorreferidas y calidad de vida de 326 octogenarios de la región urbana y 74 de la rural, residentes en Uberaba. Los datos fueron recolectados en 2008 y 2010, utilizando los instrumentos: BOMFAQ, WHOQOL-BREF y WHOQOL-OLD. Se ha aplicado análisis descriptivo, testes chi-cuadrado, t-Student, regresión lineal múltiple y logística (p<0,05). Mujeres octogenarias predominaron en zonas urbanas y los hombres en zona rural. El estado civil y la educación estaban asociados con el lugar de residencia. Los octogenarios del área urbana tienen peores condiciones de salud y las puntuaciones más bajas en las relaciones físicas y sociales, la autonomía y las actividades pasadas, presentes y futuras, mientras que los de la zona rural obtienen puntuaciones más bajas en el dominio del medio ambiente y en cuanto al funcionamiento de los sentidos. Estos resultados pueden subsidiar acciones de salud específicas para esta población, teniendo en cuenta las peculiaridades del entorno donde viven.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.5961
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