Fatores relacionados à utilização de flumazenil em pacientes hospitalizados [Factors related to use of flumazenil in hospitalized patients]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2014.6075Keywords:
Flumazenil, interações de medicamentos, eventos adversos, benzodiazepínicos [Flumazenil, drug interactions, adverse effects, benzodiazepines] [Flumazenil, interacciones medicamentosas, efectos adversos, benzodiazepínicos]Abstract
Interações medicamentosas (IM) exacerbam o risco de eventos adversos graves relacionados ao uso de benzodiazepínicos. Este estudo objetivou conhecer aspectos relacionados à utilização de flumazenil em pacientes hospitalizados. Através do método observacional, foram analisados prescrições e prontuários de 31 pacientes internados entre junho/2008 e junho/2010 quanto à indicação do flumazenil, aos fatores que podem ter contribuído para intoxicação por benzodiazepínicos e à frequência de IM potenciais (IMP). A frequência de indicação para reversão de sedação excessiva foi aproximadamente 1,3 prescrições por 1.000 pacientes. Foram identificadas IMP em 84% dessas prescrições. Para sete casos, não houve prescrição prévia de benzodiazepínicos. O exame permitiu a identificação dos eventos com necessidade do manejo da sedação excessiva relacionados à ocorrência de IMP entre benzodiazepínicos e outros medicamentos para um elevado percentual de pacientes. Observou-se que idade elevada, quadro clínico com muitas comorbidades e administração de medicamentos com interações bem definidas estiveram associados à hipersedação.
ABSTRACT
Drug interactions (DIs) heighten the risk of severe adverse events connected with use of benzodiazepines. This observational study aimed to ascertain aspects of use of flumazenil in hospital inpatients. The prescriptions and medical records of 31 patients admitted between June 2008 and June 2010 were examined for indication of flumazenil, factors that could have contributed to benzodiazepine intoxication, and potential drug interaction (PDI) frequency. In 1.3 prescriptions per 1,000 patients the indication was for reversal of excessive sedation. PDIs were observed in 84% of these prescriptions. In 7 cases there was no prior prescription of benzodiazepines. The examination identified events requiring management of excessive sedation associated with occurrence of PDI between benzodiazepines and other drugs in a high percentage of patients. It was observed that more advanced age, clinical condition with many comorbidities, and administration of drugs with well-defined interactions were observed to associate with over-sedation.
RESUMEN
Interacciones medicamentosas (IM) incrementan el riesgo de efectos adversos graves. Este estudio observacional investigó los aspectos relacionados con el uso de flumazenil en los pacientes hospitalizados. Se analizaron las prescripciones y prontuarios de 31 pacientes ingresados entre junio/2008 y junio/2010. La frecuencia de la indicación de reversión de la sedación excesiva fue de 1,3 prescripciones por 1.000 pacientes. Se identificaron IMP en 84% de estas prescripciones. En siete casos no hubo prescripción previa de benzodiazepínicos. Este estudio permitió la identificación de la sedación excesiva asociada con la aparición de IMP entre los benzodiazepínicos y otras drogas para un alto porcentaje de pacientes. Se ha observado que la edad avanzada, cuadro clínico con muchas comorbilidades y administración de fármacos con interacciones bien definidas se asociaron con excesiva sedación.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2014.6075
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