Perspectivas da deficiência física no idoso: vulnerabilidades em saúde [Outlooks on disability in older adults: health vulnerabilities]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.7464Keywords:
Envelhecimento, idoso, vulnerabilidade social, atenção primária à saúde [Aging, elderly, social vulnerability, primary health care] [Envejecimiento, anciano, vulnerabilidad social, atención primaria de salud]Abstract
Pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva. Objetivou investigar as percepções de idosos, gestores e profissionais de saúde sobre as perspectivas da deficiência física no idoso. Foram realizadas 18 entrevistas com idosos, por meio de roteiro semiestruturado, e aplicados questionários a 17 gestores e três profissionais de saúde, de junho a dezembro de 2010, em Florianópolis - Santa Catarina. A análise dos dados, através da hermenêutica dialética, levou à apreensão dos elementos constitutivos das três categorias: O impacto da deficiência física na qualidade de vida do idoso; as redes de suporte social; a naturalização da deficiência no processo de envelhecimento. Conclui-se que o impacto da deficiência afeta a qualidade de vida dos idosos; embora profissionais e gestores a considerem como um processo natural do envelhecimento. Em relação aos cuidados, há uma frágil rede de apoio, predomínio do modelo biomédico, deficiência na formação acadêmica e na instrumentalização das equipes de estratégia de saúde.
ABSTRACT
This qualitative, descriptive study investigated perceptions among older adults, managers and health professionals as to the outlook for disability in the elderly. Semi-structured interviews were conducted of 18 older adults and questionnaires were applied to 17 managers and three health professionals, between June and December 2010 in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Data analysis through dialectic hermeneutics apprehended the constituent components of three categories: the impact of disability on older adults’ quality of life; social support networks; and naturalization of disability in the aging process. It was concluded that the impact of disability affects older adults’ quality of life, while health professionals and managers consider it a natural part of the aging process. As regards care, there is a fragile support network, the biomedical model predominates, and Family Health Strategy teams’ academic training and instruments are deficient.
RESUMEN
Investigación cualitativa y descriptiva cuyo objetivo fue investigar las percepciones de los ancianos, gestores y profesionales de la salud sobre las perspectivas de la discapacidad física en los ancianos. Se llevaron a cabo 18 entrevistas con ancianos a través de entrevista semiestructurada y cuestionarios a 17 directivos y 03 profesionales de la salud, de junio a diciembre de 2010 en Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. El análisis de los datos, a través de la hermenéutica dialéctica, llevó a considerar los componentes de tres categorías: el impacto de la discapacidad física en la calidad de vida del anciano; las redes de apoyo social; la naturalización de la discapacidad en el proceso de envejecimiento. Se concluye que el impacto de la discapacidad afecta la calidad de vida de los ancianos; aunque los profesionales y directivos la consideren como un proceso natural del envejecimiento. En cuanto a la atención, hay una frágil red de apoyo, con predominio del modelo biomédico, deficiencia en la formación académica y la instrumentalización de los equipos de la Estrategia de Salud.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2015.7464
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