Obstetric violence: integrative review [Violência obstétrica: uma revisão integrativa] [Violencia obstétrica: una revisión integradora]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2019.45746Keywords:
Violence against women, humanizing delivery, labor, obstetric, obstetric nursing.Abstract
Objective: review Brazilian researches, identifying the types of obstetric violence, possible causes observed and the role of nurses in this scenario. Method: integrative review realized in 2018, with Brazilian articles selected from the Virtual Health Library. Results: obstetric violence can be associated with: verbal and psychological offense, expropriation of the female body, deprivation of companion, lack of information, deprivation of movement, trivialization of pain, and lack of privacy. Possible causes: institutional and professional unpreparedness, authoritarianism/professional hierarchy, medicalization of care, women’s socioeconomic status and education, and denial or non-recognition of obstetric violence. Conclusion: the obstetric nurse can contribute to the reduction of this violence. More investments are needed in the formation of these professionals and provide quality assistance in prenatal and delivery obstetric.
RESUMO
Objetivo: revisar pesquisas brasileiras, identificando os tipos de violência obstétrica, possíveis causas observadas e o papel do enfermeiro nesse cenário. Método: revisão integrativa realizada em 2018, com artigos brasileiros selecionados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Resultados: revisados 16 artigos publicados entre 2004 e 2018. A violência obstétrica pode ser associada a: ofensa verbal e psicológica, expropriação do corpo feminino, privação de acompanhante, falta de informações, privação dos movimentos, banalização da dor e falta de privacidade. Possíveis causas: despreparo institucional e profissional, autoritarismo/hierarquização profissional, medicalização da assistência, nível socioeconômico e escolaridade das mulheres, e negação ou não reconhecimento da violência obstétrica. Conclusão: a enfermeira obstétrica pode contribuir para a redução dessa violência. São necessários mais investimentos na formação dessas profissionais e proporcionar assistência de qualidade no pré-natal e parto.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: revisar las investigaciones brasileñas, identificando los tipos de violencia obstétrica, las posibles causas observadas y el papel del enfermero en este escenario. Método: revisión integradora realizada en 2018, con artículos brasileños seleccionados de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud. Resultados: la violencia obstétrica puede estar asociada con: ofensa verbal y psicológica, expropiación del cuerpo femenino, privación de compañero, falta de información, privación de movimiento, trivialización del dolor y falta de privacidad. Posibles causas: falta de preparación institucional y profesional, autoritarismo / jerarquía profesional, medicalización de la asistencia, nivel socioeconómico y escolaridad de las mujeres y negación o no reconocimiento de la violencia obstétrica. Conclusión: la enfermera obstétrica puede contribuir para la reducción de esta violencia. Se necesitan mas inversiones en la formación de estas profesionales y proporcionar una asistencia de calidad en prenatal y parto.
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