Imagem corporal de paraplégicos: o enfrentamento das mudanças na perspectiva de pessoas com lesão medular [Body image in paraplegics: coping with changes from the perspective of people with spinal cord injury]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2016.16125Keywords:
Pessoa com deficiência, traumatismos da medula espinal, imagem corporal, cuidados de enfermagem [Disabled persons, spinal cord injuries, body image, nursing care]Abstract
Objetivo: identificar as reações de pessoas com deficiência física adquirida pós-lesão medular quanto às mudanças percebidas na imagem corporal. Método: pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, qualitativa, convergente-assistencial, realizada no segundo semestre de 2011, com sete paraplégicos com lesão medular, no Hospital Escola São Francisco de Assis e na Casa do Paraplégico, na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro/Brasil. Foi aplicado roteiro semiestruturado, com análise temática. Pesquisa aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, parecer 047/2011. Resultados: as reações dos paraplégicos variam, dependendo de fatores como maturidade emocional, nível de compreensão e aceitação da condição, dependência funcional e autonomia, e apegos à imagem corporal anterior. Conclusão: Conclui-se que tendem, inicialmente, a apresentar reações negativas típicas do enfrentamento à nova condição de dependência funcional, como dificuldades para superar limitações para o desempenho do autocuidado e para desapegar da imagem corporal prévia, progredindo com as próprias experiências com o cuidado de longo prazo.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to identify how people with disabilities acquired after spinal cord injury react to perceived changes in their body image. Method: this exploratory, descriptive, qualitative, convergent-care study was conducted in the second half of 2011, with seven paraplegics with spinal cord injury, at the San Francisco de Assis Teaching Hospital and at the Paraplegic Home, in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil. A semi-structured script was applied with thematic analysis. The research ethics committee approved the project (opinion 047/2011). Results: paraplegics’ reactions vary with on their emotional maturity, level of understanding and acceptance of the new condition, functional dependency and autonomy, and attachment to prior body image. Conclusion: it was concluded that they tend initially to display negative reactions typical of coping with the new condition of functional dependence, such as difficulties in overcoming limitations in performing self-care and in detaching from their former body image, and progress through their own experiences with long-term care.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: identificar las reacciones de las personas con discapacidades físicas adquiridas después de lesión de la médula, en cuanto a los cambios percibidos en la imagen corporal. Método: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, cualitativo, convergente-asistencial, realizado en el segundo semestre de 2011, junto a siete parapléjicos con lesión medular, en el Hospital Universitario de San Francisco de Assis y en la Casa del Parapléjico, en la ciudad de Rio de Janeiro/Brasil. Se ha aplicado un guion semiestructurado, con análisis temático. Investigación aprobada por el Comité de Ética en Investigación, dictamen 047/2011. Resultados: las reacciones de los parapléjicos varían dependiendo de factores como: la madurez emocional, el nivel de comprensión y aceptación de la nueva condición, la dependencia funcional y la autonomía y apego a la imagen corporal anterior a la lesión. Conclusión: se concluye que tienen tendencia inicialmente a presentar reacciones negativas típicas de enfrentamiento a la nueva condición de dependencia funcional, como dificultades para superar las limitaciones para desempeñar el autocuidado y para desapegarse de la imagen corporal anterior, progresando a través de sus propias experiencias con el cuidado a largo plazo.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2016.16125
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