Dietary patterns and chronic diseases in a survey with adults in the Amazon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/demetra.2022.63148Keywords:
Food consumption. Chronic disease. Adult. Factor analysis.Abstract
Objective: To identify dietary patterns and verify the prevalence of chronic diseases according to these patterns in the population of Rio Branco, Acre. Method: This is a survey with 1,701 adults in the city of Rio Branco. The quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and dietary patterns obtained by factor analysis were used. Results: In the factor analysis, five patterns were identified: ultra-processed and sweet; fruits; traditional; greens and vegetables; and salads and condiments. The results suggest that the consumption of ultra-processed foods and sweets is more prevalent in men (58.6%; p-value: 0.004), aged between 18 and 39 years (64.4%; p-value: <0.001), with higher education (62.9%; p-value: 0.001), practitioners of physical activity (62.8%; p-value: <0.001), non-smokers (56.0%; p-value: 0.027) and patients with hypertriglyceridemia (43.7%; p-value: <0.001), hypercholesterolemia (45.2%; p-value: <0.001) and metabolic syndrome (42.9%; p-value: 0.012). Conclusion: We emphasize the need to consolidate programs and actions focused on healthy food consumption, especially among young men, with higher education, aiming to reduce diseases such as hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and metabolic syndrome.
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