Self control and self care: a reflection on nutrition science

Abstract

Introduction: Nutrition Science is based on the Cartesian medical paradigm, based on the biologicist, interventionist and specialist-centered vision. The nutritionist, in his clinical practice, acts in a prescriptive, punitive way and is configured as ways to control the patient. Currently, there are other ways of approaching the patient, of the relationship between specialists and lay people and of practicing Clinical Nutrition that are of interest to this study. Objective: this article promoted a critical reflection of current practices in clinical nutrition. Method: conceptual study based on a bibliographic review with authors from the areas of Nutrition and Human and Social Sciences, focusing on Michel Foucault's theory, especially on his concepts of self-control and self-care. Results: the mobilized authors warn of a crisis in prescriptive approaches, intensifying the lack of adherence by interactants and ineffective results. However, the performance of the Nutritionist tends to be more relevant, since chronic non-communicable diseases linked to food increase dramatically. In this scenario, there are several factors that contribute to the maintenance of this crisis, such as: the media, the culture of the diet, the agri-food system and the policies that act as mechanisms of power and control. Conclusion: There are alternative models to the hegemonic paradigm that establish a relationship based on care and are based on principles such as: autonomy, respect for individualities and subjectivities and the active role of the interactant, the professional should be the facilitator of the process. It is essential to develop human skills and competences not covered in undergraduate courses.