Consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with abdominal obesity in male rotating shift workers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/demetra.2024.72080Abstract
Introduction: Higher intake of ultra-processed foods (UPF) might be associated with an increased risk of obesity. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the consumption of UPF and their association with nutrient intake and excess body adiposity in shift workers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 with 238 male rotating shift workers. Dietary data was obtained by the 24-hour recall and classified according to food processing by the NOVA classification system. Body adiposity indicators assessed were waist circumference and body mass index. Logistic regression models were built and adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary variables. Results: UPF represented, on average, 22.3% of the total caloric value of the individual’s food consumption, with a maximum value of 66.9%. Participants with the highest consumption of UPF consumed more carbohydrates (57%), protein (35%), total fat (96%), saturated fat (79%), cholesterol (68%), and sodium (44%) compared to the first tercile (p < 0.001). The highest frequency of UPF consumed was bread (81.0%), followed by cookies (45.9%), sweetened beverages (45.7%), processed meats (46.8%), and margarine (46.8%). In multivariable analysis, the highest consumption of UPF had 168% higher odds of abdominal obesity (OR = 2.68, 95%CI 1.16-5.68) than the lowest consumption. Conclusion: UPF are essential contributors to the energy intake of shiftworkers, and higher consumption of UPF was associated with abdominal obesity.
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