Occupational exposures reported by patients with leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/bjhbs.2019.53050Abstract
Introduction: Little is known about occupational agents and
the occurrence of leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome
in Brazil. Objective: The aim of this study was to trace the
sociodemographic and occupational profiles of patients with
leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome in two hospitals in
the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: We carried out a
study of 229 cases from the period 2000 to 2006. Interviews
were conducted with patients to obtain information on
family history, lifestyle risk factors, occupational history,
residential history, and occupational and non-occupational
exposures by using a structured questionnaire. The frequency
and duration of occupational activities related to exposure
among participants were estimated. Each individual’s level
of exposure was classified as low, moderate, high or very
high. Results: The main exposures observed were to chemical
cleaning and disinfectant products, followed by gasoline
and lubricating oil. Most of the exposures occurred at low
frequencies. However, for benzene, solvents, thinners, and
coal combustion, the highest prevalence was observed for
moderate exposures. Furthermore, it was observed that the
exposure patterns of substances varied for each group, suggesting
that the intensity of exposure was determined by
specific types of substances. Conclusion: The monitoring of
exposure in occupations that deal with solvents is critical, in
order to reduce the incidence of leukemia. Since occupation is
a preventable risk factor, strategies for primary prevention and
health promotion in the workplace should be a top priority
in cancer prevention policies in Brazil.
Keywords: Leukemia; Occupational Health, Myelodysplastic
syndromes, Epidemiology.
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