The paradox between protective doctrine and punitive neoconservatism in socio-education

Abstract

This study analyzes the influence of conservatism on the socio-educational measures system in Brazil. The research, based on a qualitative approach, relied on bibliographic and documentary research, as well as a systematic literature review conducted through the CAPES Journal Portal (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel). Through content analysis, structured into four axes of reflection, the study highlights the persistence of a punitive and moralizing logic influenced by conservative values such as religiosity. These values, including family and traditional customs, reinforce the marginalization and blame of adolescents in conflict with the law and their families, overlooking the structural inequalities affecting them. Despite legal advancements, such as the Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA), punitive and welfare-oriented approaches prevail over pedagogical practices, weakening the reintegration objectives of the socio-educational system.