PRINCIPAIS DESAFIOS PARA A UTILIZAÇÃO DA ARBITRAGEM PELO PODER PÚBLICO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/redp.2024.81916Abstract
Currently, there is no longer any doubt about the admissibility of the participation of the State in arbitration, as the arbitration law itself allows it. The current problem is different and involves identifying the challenges for the use of this alternative dispute resolution method in light of the peculiarities of the legal framework governing the public sector. Several public entities have already regulated various aspects of its use, which is an important starting point for any discussion on the subject, which is why many of these regulations are mentioned throughout the text. The objective of this article is to identify and address the specificities of the arbitration regime involving the Public Treasury. The first question concerns the concept of property rights, seeking to identify in which situations it is possible to use arbitration, based on various examples expressly mentioned in the legislation. It is also important to identify the authority within the state bureaucracy with the power to enter into this contract in order to avoid future claims of nullity. There are also some limits to the arbitration regime with the public sector, given the requirement for publicity as a rule, and that it must be done in accordance with the law, with equity being prohibited. Another existing difficulty involves the procedure to be used, whether it will be institutional or ad hoc, with a clear preference for the former, as well as the selection of arbitrators. Even though a competitive bidding process cannot be required, the criteria for their selection must be transparent. Finally, the delicate issue of the payment method for an unfavorable judgment against the public sector is addressed, whether it can be made directly from the budget or if the use of a precatório is required. Due to the constitutional requirement of using a precatório for the payment of judicial judgments against the Public Treasury and since arbitration is a form of exercising jurisdiction, there is no way to avoid this mandatory form of payment.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Ravi de Medeiros Peixoto, Murilo Avelino
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