Globalização, Regionalismo E Espacialização Nas Relações Internacionais | Globalization, Regionalism, And Spatialization In Contemporary International Relations

Abstract

The growing interdependence between states, driven by technological revolutions that intensified from the 1990s, has promoted the expansion of international and regional institutionalization, as well as new forms of international cooperation. In this context, the pursuit by states of specialized solutions to meet the demands of the global market has led to the acceleration and variety of the establishment of regional international organizations. In this article, we aim to provide a cross-sectional history of the development of regionalism from an institutional perspective. We assume that processes of regionalization adjust to the demands of 21st-century politics and economy, thereby prompting new theoretical approaches to comparative regionalisms (Börzel and Risse, 2016; Acharya, 2009; Warleigh-Lack, 2008), inter-regionalism (Hoffmann, 2016; Hänggi, 2006; Robles, 2008), and a new perspective on the role of institutionalized regional spaces in rethinking globalization in the 21st century. We aim to contribute to the debate on the role of regional organizations for states and their impact on globalization. In the manner of their emergence and deepening in the 1990s, a globalized order of states, but populated by regional organizations (Santander, 2016; 2018), according to some debates on the theme of regionalism, provokes an ambition to export consolidated regional projects (Middell and Marung, 2019) to other international spaces.