Disputa por las Autonomías Indígenas en las Regiones Autónomas de la Costa Atlántica Nicaragüense (RAAS) y (RAAN): Territorialidades Superpuestas y Conflictos entre el Estado-nación Postrevolucionario y su Pluriversidad Étnica l Dispute For Indigenous Autonomies In The Autonomous Regions Of The Nicaraguan Atlantic Coast (Raas) And (Raan): Overlapping Territorialities And Conflicts Between The Post-Revolutionary Nation-State And Its Ethnic Pluriversity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/neiba.2020.51728Keywords:
Regiones Autonómicas Atlánticas, Nicaragua postrevolucionaria, Conflictos extractivistasAbstract
Este trabajo pretende comprender las disputas en torno a la institucionalización e implementación de las autonomías de la Costa Atlántica del territorio nicaragüense desde 1987, cuando se institucionaliza el nuevo ordenamiento territorial-administrativo del Estado nacional multiétnico, por medio de la promulgación del Estatuto de Autonomía de las Regiones de la Costa Atlántica de Nicaragua. El concepto de territorialidades superpuestas es clave para entender los múltiples ámbitos de tensión entre Estado y organizaciones indígenas, mestizas y creole, que se generaron en torno a la demanda central por reconocimiento institucional de las Regiones Autonómicas Atlánticas Sul y Norte, en un primer momento, y por su implementación de facto, proceso aún en disputa en la actualidad. La discusión planteada culmina en un análisis enfocado en el ámbito de conflictos extractivistas generados por la tensión entre gobiernos nacionales y regionales, los movimientos sociales indígenas y afrodescendientes, y un actor externo poderoso y heterogéneo, las multinacionales extractivistas.
Palabras-clave: Regiones Autonómicas Atlánticas; Nicaragua postrevolucionaria; Conflictos extractivistas.
ABSTRACT
This work aims to understand the disputes around the institutionalization and implementation of the autonomies of the Atlantic Coast of the Nicaraguan territory since 1987, when the new territorial-administrative order of the pluri-ethnic national State was institutionalized, through the promulgation of the Statute of Autonomy of the Regions of the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua. The concept of overlapping territorialities is key to understanding the multiple spheres of tension between the State and indigenous, mestizo and Creole organizations, which were generated around the central demand for institutional recognition of the Southern and Northern Atlantic Autonomous Regions, at first, and for its implementation in fact, a process still in dispute today. The proposed discussion culminates in an analysis focused on the area of extractivist conflicts generated by the tension between national and regional governments, indigenous and Afro-descendant social movements and a powerful and heterogeneous external actor, the extractivist’s multinationals.
Keywords: Atlantic Autonomous Regions; Post-revolutionary Nicaragua; Extractivist conflicts.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License