Do Insulamento ao Brexit: Raízes do Cetismo Britânico na União da Europa
Keywords:
Reino Unido, União Europeia, Ceticismo, BrexitAbstract
Este texto visa analisar os motivos que levaram à decisão popular pela saída do Reino Unido da União Europeia (UE), por meio de um plesbicito, no dia 23 de junho de 2016. Considerando fatores geográficos, históricos, de identidade nacional e econômicos, buscamos encontrar uma resposta para o ceticismo britânico na união com a Europa continental. Primeiramente, pesamos as questões pertinentes ao comportamento histórico britânico em relação aos seus pares europeus – sempre marcado por um peculiar insulamento –, desde a formação do país enquanto Estado-nação, passando pela ascensão hegemônica no século XIX, até as primeiras tentativas de entrada na então Comunidade Econômica Europeia (CEE) nos anos 1960. Posteriormente, elencamos os fatores relacionados à entrada do Reino Unido na CEE, na década de 1970, a relação conturbada com os sucessivos governos britânicos desde então, além dos fatores que culminaram com o Brexit e as possíveis implicações da atitude para o Reino Unido. Conclui-se que o euroceticismo britânico é uma soma de fatores históricos, identitários e econômicos, resultando numa improvável, até a divulgação do resultado final do plebiscito, saída britânica da UE.
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